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Aims <p>Peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) is an important cash crop, but the effects of diversified peanut-based rotations on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and associated biological attributes remain insufficiently explored.</p> Methods <p>The topsoil (0–20&#xa0;cm) and subsoil (20–40&#xa0;cm) samples were collected from a field experiment including continuous peanut monoculture (CP), peanut–winter wheat rotation (PW), and peanut–winter wheat–summer maize rotation (PWM). The samples were analyzed for SOC sequestration, soil enzyme activities and the abundance of key carbon-cycling functional genes.</p> Results <p>The PW treatment exhibited the highest equivalent yield, economic benefit, and protein yield. Compared to CP, the SOC content increased by 13.9% and 41.7% in the topsoil and by 56.9% and 109.4% in the subsoil under PW and PWM, respectively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). SOC storage, SOC storage rate, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and amylase-encoding gene abundance followed the order PWM &gt; PW &gt; CP across both soil layers (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Basal respiration rate, peroxidase activity, and abundance of CO<sub>2</sub>-fixing, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and cellulase-encoding genes were significantly higher in PW and PWM than in CP. Invertase, β-glucosidase, cellulase, and phenol oxidase activities were higher under PW and PWM in the topsoil. Stepwise regression analysis showed that MBC and CO<sub>2</sub>-fixing gene abundance were the major determinants of SOC sequestration in the topsoil and subsoil, respectively.</p> Conclusions <p>The PWM represents a more effective peanut-based cropping strategy for enhancing SOC sequestration and improving related soil biological attributes.</p>

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Effects of peanut-based crop rotations on soil organic carbon sequestration, enzyme activities, and functional gene abundance across different soil depths

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月27日

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  • Zengqiang Li,
  • Guangcai Zhang,
  • Jing Li,
  • Xuan Liu,
  • Jian Zhao,
  • Tong Si,
  • Xiaona Yu,
  • Xiaojun Zhang,
  • Yanlin Jiao,
  • Xiaoxia Zou

摘要

Aims

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important cash crop, but the effects of diversified peanut-based rotations on soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration and associated biological attributes remain insufficiently explored.

Methods

The topsoil (0–20 cm) and subsoil (20–40 cm) samples were collected from a field experiment including continuous peanut monoculture (CP), peanut–winter wheat rotation (PW), and peanut–winter wheat–summer maize rotation (PWM). The samples were analyzed for SOC sequestration, soil enzyme activities and the abundance of key carbon-cycling functional genes.

Results

The PW treatment exhibited the highest equivalent yield, economic benefit, and protein yield. Compared to CP, the SOC content increased by 13.9% and 41.7% in the topsoil and by 56.9% and 109.4% in the subsoil under PW and PWM, respectively (p < 0.05). SOC storage, SOC storage rate, microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and amylase-encoding gene abundance followed the order PWM > PW > CP across both soil layers (p < 0.05). Basal respiration rate, peroxidase activity, and abundance of CO2-fixing, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and cellulase-encoding genes were significantly higher in PW and PWM than in CP. Invertase, β-glucosidase, cellulase, and phenol oxidase activities were higher under PW and PWM in the topsoil. Stepwise regression analysis showed that MBC and CO2-fixing gene abundance were the major determinants of SOC sequestration in the topsoil and subsoil, respectively.

Conclusions

The PWM represents a more effective peanut-based cropping strategy for enhancing SOC sequestration and improving related soil biological attributes.