Background and aims <p>Nature-based solutions that utilize hyperaccumulators to remediate soils contaminated with trace elements (TEs) are promising; however, their efficacy is frequently restricted by harsh soil conditions and stress from multiple TEs.</p> Methods <p>Pot experiments were performed on calcareous soils using a new cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator, <i>Solanum alatum</i> Moench. Plant growth, detoxification, and Cd accumulation were determined under single Cd (0.6–100&#xa0;mg Cd kg<sup>−1</sup>, six-year aged) and multiple TEs stresses (using real soils with different properties).</p> Results <p>The shoot bioconcentration factor varied from 1.27 to 3.82, indicating unimpacted Cd-hyperaccumulation. Notably, under high multiple TEs stress, leaf superoxide anion levels were elevated, and the shoot Cd concentration increased by 37.25% compared to the prediction based on single Cd stress. Conversely, plant growth was not significantly inhibited, and total chlorophyll concentration increased, indicating high TEs tolerance. Additionally, the malondialdehyde concentration increased significantly with multiple TEs stress levels, contrary to the single-stress trend. Correspondingly, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) showed increased activity, especially in the presence of multiple TEs stresses, suggesting a better capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species. Reduced glutathione was typically lower under multiple TEs stress than under single stress, but proline and oxidized glutathione significantly increased under multiple TEs stress, indicating their roles in detoxification through oxidation and chelation. However, shoot dry biomass and shoot Cd uptake were significantly reduced by low initial soil phosphorus levels.</p> Conclusions <p><i>S. alatum</i> shows potential for Cd phytoextraction in calcareous soils; however, soil phosphorus management must be considered.</p>

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Utilizing nature-based solutions for metal remediation in calcareous soils: Plant effectiveness under simultaneous abiotic stress

  • Weixiang Wang,
  • Qijie Yu,
  • Fu Wang,
  • Shengyuan Chen,
  • Jieqiong Su,
  • Yahu Hu

摘要

Background and aims

Nature-based solutions that utilize hyperaccumulators to remediate soils contaminated with trace elements (TEs) are promising; however, their efficacy is frequently restricted by harsh soil conditions and stress from multiple TEs.

Methods

Pot experiments were performed on calcareous soils using a new cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulator, Solanum alatum Moench. Plant growth, detoxification, and Cd accumulation were determined under single Cd (0.6–100 mg Cd kg−1, six-year aged) and multiple TEs stresses (using real soils with different properties).

Results

The shoot bioconcentration factor varied from 1.27 to 3.82, indicating unimpacted Cd-hyperaccumulation. Notably, under high multiple TEs stress, leaf superoxide anion levels were elevated, and the shoot Cd concentration increased by 37.25% compared to the prediction based on single Cd stress. Conversely, plant growth was not significantly inhibited, and total chlorophyll concentration increased, indicating high TEs tolerance. Additionally, the malondialdehyde concentration increased significantly with multiple TEs stress levels, contrary to the single-stress trend. Correspondingly, antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) showed increased activity, especially in the presence of multiple TEs stresses, suggesting a better capacity to scavenge reactive oxygen species. Reduced glutathione was typically lower under multiple TEs stress than under single stress, but proline and oxidized glutathione significantly increased under multiple TEs stress, indicating their roles in detoxification through oxidation and chelation. However, shoot dry biomass and shoot Cd uptake were significantly reduced by low initial soil phosphorus levels.

Conclusions

S. alatum shows potential for Cd phytoextraction in calcareous soils; however, soil phosphorus management must be considered.