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Aims <p>Soil carbon cycling is highly sensitive to environmental change, and understanding how temperature variability interacts with crop residue inputs is essential for predicting soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics under future climate conditions. Crop residues are widely incorporated into agricultural soils to enhance fertility and sustain productivity, yet their influence on SOC mineralization depends on microbial responses to temperature. Although residue decomposition and temperature effects have been studied independently, the combined impacts of contrasting temperature regimes and straw addition on SOC priming remain insufficiently understood.</p> Methods <p>Here, we conducted a 28-day incubation using <sup>13</sup>C-labeled wheat straw following five contrasting temperature regimes (constant, fluctuating, and diurnal) to quantify straw decomposition, CO<sub>2</sub> emission, priming intensity, microbial biomass, extracellular enzyme activities, and microbial resource limitation.</p> Results <p>Constant temperatures, particularly 35&#xa0;°C, produced the highest straw decomposition and priming, whereas fluctuating and diurnal regimes suppressed microbial activity and reduced processes. Straw addition increased microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen across all regimes, but enzyme activities showed stronger thermal sensitivity and mirrored priming patterns. Priming was positively associated with phosphorus and most carbon-acquiring enzymes, while negative relationships with microbial biomass nitrogen and N-acquiring enzymes indicated nutrient constraints. Stoichiometric and vector analyses revealed persistent carbon and phosphorus co-limitation, with intensified phosphorus limitation under straw addition restricting microbial carbon use in fluctuating regimes.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings demonstrate that temperature stability and nutrient limitation jointly regulate microbial carbon processing in residue-amended soils, providing mechanistic insight essential for forecasting SOC responses to warming and guiding residue management under future climate scenarios.</p>

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Priming effect of soil organic carbon under varying temperatures and wheat straw integration

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • Komal Khan,
  • Tian Li,
  • Yunfa Qiao,
  • Yinzheng Ma,
  • Mubarak Ahmad,
  • Shujie Miao

摘要

Aims

Soil carbon cycling is highly sensitive to environmental change, and understanding how temperature variability interacts with crop residue inputs is essential for predicting soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics under future climate conditions. Crop residues are widely incorporated into agricultural soils to enhance fertility and sustain productivity, yet their influence on SOC mineralization depends on microbial responses to temperature. Although residue decomposition and temperature effects have been studied independently, the combined impacts of contrasting temperature regimes and straw addition on SOC priming remain insufficiently understood.

Methods

Here, we conducted a 28-day incubation using 13C-labeled wheat straw following five contrasting temperature regimes (constant, fluctuating, and diurnal) to quantify straw decomposition, CO2 emission, priming intensity, microbial biomass, extracellular enzyme activities, and microbial resource limitation.

Results

Constant temperatures, particularly 35 °C, produced the highest straw decomposition and priming, whereas fluctuating and diurnal regimes suppressed microbial activity and reduced processes. Straw addition increased microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen across all regimes, but enzyme activities showed stronger thermal sensitivity and mirrored priming patterns. Priming was positively associated with phosphorus and most carbon-acquiring enzymes, while negative relationships with microbial biomass nitrogen and N-acquiring enzymes indicated nutrient constraints. Stoichiometric and vector analyses revealed persistent carbon and phosphorus co-limitation, with intensified phosphorus limitation under straw addition restricting microbial carbon use in fluctuating regimes.

Conclusions

These findings demonstrate that temperature stability and nutrient limitation jointly regulate microbial carbon processing in residue-amended soils, providing mechanistic insight essential for forecasting SOC responses to warming and guiding residue management under future climate scenarios.