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Aims <p>Soil fungi are critical for ecosystem function maintenance, but how fungal communities respond to environmental factors across dual altitude-rhizosphere scales remains unclear. This study explores rhizosphere effects on the variations and driving factors of soil fungal communities along altitude gradients.</p> Methods <p>We studied the soil fungal diversity, composition, and co-occurrence network, as well as soil properties in rhizosphere and bulk soil of <i>Abies georgei var. smithii</i> along three altitudes (3800, 4100, 4400&#xa0;m) on Shergyla Mountain, eastern Tibet.</p> Results <p>Soil fungal richness first increased and then decreased with increasing altitude. The fungal community composition also showed a marked altitudinal divergence, with <i>Cortinarius</i> and <i>Russula</i> dominating at high and low altitudes, respectively. Rhizosphere fungal network complexity and stability peaked at medium altitude, while network stability increased with increasing altitude in bulk soil&#xa0;Rhizosphere fungal richness, network complexity and stability exceeded bulk fungi, with rhizosphere effects weakening with increasing altitudes. Rhizosphere microbes exhibited lower carbon and phosphorus limitations than bulk soil microbes.&#xa0;Key drivers for fungal community variation differed between rhizosphere and bulk soils. Soil moisture, pH, and NH₄⁺-N significantly influenced rhizosphere fungal communities (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), but not bulk soil fungi.</p> Conclusion <p>Fungal communities and their key drivers differ between rhizosphere and bulk soils, with the rhizosphere effects declining with increasing altitude on Shergyla Mountain. This altitudinal dependency reveals a stress-mediated shift in plant-fungus interaction strategies, providing a mechanistic basis for alpine forest conservation and management.</p>

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Rhizosphere effects on soil fungal community structure and network stability vary along altitudinal gradients in alpine forests of eastern Tibet

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Linhong Luo,
  • Lin Zhang,
  • Yiyong Wen,
  • Jin Sun,
  • Xin Luo,
  • Zhengfeng Chen,
  • Chunzhang Zhao

摘要

Aims

Soil fungi are critical for ecosystem function maintenance, but how fungal communities respond to environmental factors across dual altitude-rhizosphere scales remains unclear. This study explores rhizosphere effects on the variations and driving factors of soil fungal communities along altitude gradients.

Methods

We studied the soil fungal diversity, composition, and co-occurrence network, as well as soil properties in rhizosphere and bulk soil of Abies georgei var. smithii along three altitudes (3800, 4100, 4400 m) on Shergyla Mountain, eastern Tibet.

Results

Soil fungal richness first increased and then decreased with increasing altitude. The fungal community composition also showed a marked altitudinal divergence, with Cortinarius and Russula dominating at high and low altitudes, respectively. Rhizosphere fungal network complexity and stability peaked at medium altitude, while network stability increased with increasing altitude in bulk soil Rhizosphere fungal richness, network complexity and stability exceeded bulk fungi, with rhizosphere effects weakening with increasing altitudes. Rhizosphere microbes exhibited lower carbon and phosphorus limitations than bulk soil microbes. Key drivers for fungal community variation differed between rhizosphere and bulk soils. Soil moisture, pH, and NH₄⁺-N significantly influenced rhizosphere fungal communities (p < 0.05), but not bulk soil fungi.

Conclusion

Fungal communities and their key drivers differ between rhizosphere and bulk soils, with the rhizosphere effects declining with increasing altitude on Shergyla Mountain. This altitudinal dependency reveals a stress-mediated shift in plant-fungus interaction strategies, providing a mechanistic basis for alpine forest conservation and management.