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Aims <p>According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), over 1 billion hectares of land are currently affected by salinity stress, with nearly one-quarter of arable land experiencing varying degrees of salinization. Seedling stress caused by soil salinization is a key factor limiting plant growth, development, and yield. Therefore, identifying key genes for maize salt tolerance, elucidating their functions and molecular mechanisms, and breeding maize varieties with enhanced salt tolerance are the core focus of current research.</p> Methods <p>The tolerance of <i>ZmNF-YC16</i>&#xa0;to saline-alkali stress and its physiological mechanisms were evaluated by examining the growth phenotype, ROS scavenging capacity, oxidative stress levels, and membrane system integrity of the transgenic lines under stress conditions. The existence of the ZmNF-YC16-ZmBBR1 co-regulatory module was validated using yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) assays.</p> Results <p>In this study, we primarily investigated the role of corn and Arabidopsis plants transformed with the <i>ZmNF-YC16</i>&#xa0;gene in response to saline-alkali stress, enhancing functional traits, promoting growth and development, and synergistic regulatory networks. We found that transgenic lines subjected to saline-alkali stress treatment enhanced plant tolerance by regulating oxidative stress resistance, promoting the expression of stress response genes, and increasing crop root biomass. Subcellular localization and western blot analyses revealed nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of this gene, which induced a 28.02&#xa0;kDa protein. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase (DLR) assays demonstrated that <i>ZmNF-YC16</i> effectively promoted the transcription of its target gene,&#xa0;<i>ZmBBR1</i>.</p> Conclusions <p>We demonstrated that <i>ZmNF-YC16</i>&#xa0;participates in the response of maize to saline-alkali stress, providing a theoretical foundation and technical support for maize variety development and breeding efforts.</p>

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ZmNF-YC16, a maize NF-Y transcription factor, enhances plant growth and regulates tolerance to saline-alkali stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Yimeng Wang,
  • Peng Jiao,
  • Chunlai Wang,
  • Chenyang Wu,
  • Kaisheng Yu,
  • Jiaqi Feng,
  • Siyan Liu,
  • Yiyong Ma,
  • Shuyan Guan

摘要

Aims

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), over 1 billion hectares of land are currently affected by salinity stress, with nearly one-quarter of arable land experiencing varying degrees of salinization. Seedling stress caused by soil salinization is a key factor limiting plant growth, development, and yield. Therefore, identifying key genes for maize salt tolerance, elucidating their functions and molecular mechanisms, and breeding maize varieties with enhanced salt tolerance are the core focus of current research.

Methods

The tolerance of ZmNF-YC16 to saline-alkali stress and its physiological mechanisms were evaluated by examining the growth phenotype, ROS scavenging capacity, oxidative stress levels, and membrane system integrity of the transgenic lines under stress conditions. The existence of the ZmNF-YC16-ZmBBR1 co-regulatory module was validated using yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase reporter (DLR) assays.

Results

In this study, we primarily investigated the role of corn and Arabidopsis plants transformed with the ZmNF-YC16 gene in response to saline-alkali stress, enhancing functional traits, promoting growth and development, and synergistic regulatory networks. We found that transgenic lines subjected to saline-alkali stress treatment enhanced plant tolerance by regulating oxidative stress resistance, promoting the expression of stress response genes, and increasing crop root biomass. Subcellular localization and western blot analyses revealed nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of this gene, which induced a 28.02 kDa protein. Yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase (DLR) assays demonstrated that ZmNF-YC16 effectively promoted the transcription of its target gene, ZmBBR1.

Conclusions

We demonstrated that ZmNF-YC16 participates in the response of maize to saline-alkali stress, providing a theoretical foundation and technical support for maize variety development and breeding efforts.