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Aims <p>As the primary decomposers in forest ecosystems, fungi are essential for maintaining soil ecosystem functionality. However, boreal forest fungal community structures and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms governing soil fungal community assembly in boreal forests through a comprehensive analysis of community structure, environmental drivers, and the contribution of stochastic processes.</p> Methods <p>This study employed high-throughput sequencing to analyze soil fungal communities in five typical boreal forests. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) were used to compare community differences; Redundancy analysis (RDA) assessed environmental drivers; Variance partitioning analysis (VPA) combined with<i> β</i>-nearest taxon index (<i>β</i>NTI) determined the roles of deterministic and stochastic processes in community assembly.</p> Results <p>Ascomycetes (29%–56%) and Basidiomycetes (21%–50%) were the predominant soil fungal taxa across the five boreal forests. Fungal community structures significantly differed among forest soil types (ANOSIM: <i>R</i> = 0.744, <i>P</i> = 0.01), with distinct differentially abundant taxa in each soil type. Soil pH, temperature, organic matter, and total organic carbon significantly influenced the abundances of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Rozellomycota, and Mortierellomycota (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.01), though environmental factors exhibited limited overall effects. Stochastic processes played a crucial role in fungal community assembly.</p> Conclusion <p>The assembly of soil fungal communities in boreal forests is primarily driven by stochastic processes rather than environmental factors. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for managing fungal communities to maintain ecosystem functions and stability.</p>

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Stochastic processes drive the soil fungal community structure in boreal forests

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月25日

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  • Yu Feng,
  • Huayong Zhang,
  • Yonglan Tian,
  • Zhongyu Wang,
  • Wang Tian,
  • Zhao Liu

摘要

Aims

As the primary decomposers in forest ecosystems, fungi are essential for maintaining soil ecosystem functionality. However, boreal forest fungal community structures and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms governing soil fungal community assembly in boreal forests through a comprehensive analysis of community structure, environmental drivers, and the contribution of stochastic processes.

Methods

This study employed high-throughput sequencing to analyze soil fungal communities in five typical boreal forests. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) were used to compare community differences; Redundancy analysis (RDA) assessed environmental drivers; Variance partitioning analysis (VPA) combined with β-nearest taxon index (βNTI) determined the roles of deterministic and stochastic processes in community assembly.

Results

Ascomycetes (29%–56%) and Basidiomycetes (21%–50%) were the predominant soil fungal taxa across the five boreal forests. Fungal community structures significantly differed among forest soil types (ANOSIM: R = 0.744, P = 0.01), with distinct differentially abundant taxa in each soil type. Soil pH, temperature, organic matter, and total organic carbon significantly influenced the abundances of Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Rozellomycota, and Mortierellomycota (P < 0.01), though environmental factors exhibited limited overall effects. Stochastic processes played a crucial role in fungal community assembly.

Conclusion

The assembly of soil fungal communities in boreal forests is primarily driven by stochastic processes rather than environmental factors. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for managing fungal communities to maintain ecosystem functions and stability.