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Aims <p>The purpose of this study is to provide a priming application with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) to tolerate salinity stress in wheat.</p> Methods <p>Effects of six different irrigation water salinity (0.38, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15 dS/m) and three different priming practices (control, 2,3-DHBA and PGPR) on antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, proline contents, photosynthetic capacity and growth characteristics were investigated.</p> Results <p>Salt stress caused a decrease in germination rate, tillering number, yield parameters, stomata, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Among the treatments, PGPR increased the germination rate and fresh weight by 5.20% and 12.10%, respectively, compared to the control. In addition, PGPR increased catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities by 16.35%, 14.04%, 71.87% and 16.35%, respectively, while 2,3-DHBA only increased guaiacol peroxidase activity by 7%. PGPR also decreased MDA content by 29.62% and increased proline content by 23.23%.</p> Conclusions <p>PGPR application more effectively alleviated germination, plant growth and development in high salinity conditions. Thus, it was concluded that using PGPR together with plant growth regulators might be beneficial in order to tolerate salinity stress for different plants.</p>

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Role of bio-priming with PGPR and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid in enhancing wheat germination and seedling growth under salt stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • Seyit Batuhan Dudak,
  • Hakan Arslan,
  • Emek Aslan,
  • Deniz Ekinci

摘要

Aims

The purpose of this study is to provide a priming application with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) to tolerate salinity stress in wheat.

Methods

Effects of six different irrigation water salinity (0.38, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15 dS/m) and three different priming practices (control, 2,3-DHBA and PGPR) on antioxidant enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, proline contents, photosynthetic capacity and growth characteristics were investigated.

Results

Salt stress caused a decrease in germination rate, tillering number, yield parameters, stomata, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Among the treatments, PGPR increased the germination rate and fresh weight by 5.20% and 12.10%, respectively, compared to the control. In addition, PGPR increased catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities by 16.35%, 14.04%, 71.87% and 16.35%, respectively, while 2,3-DHBA only increased guaiacol peroxidase activity by 7%. PGPR also decreased MDA content by 29.62% and increased proline content by 23.23%.

Conclusions

PGPR application more effectively alleviated germination, plant growth and development in high salinity conditions. Thus, it was concluded that using PGPR together with plant growth regulators might be beneficial in order to tolerate salinity stress for different plants.