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Background <p>The application of straw-decomposing inoculants has been demonstrated to accelerate straw decomposition and reduce soil nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) emissions in fields incorporated with straw. However, the mechanisms underlying N<sub>2</sub>O emission mitigation following decomposing inoculant application remain unclear.</p> Methods <p>A two-year field experiment was conducted in a subtropical wheat cropping system to elucidate key factors regulating N<sub>2</sub>O emissions under straw and straw-decomposing inoculant application. The autotrophic nitrification driven by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) was quantitatively partitioned using acetylene and 1-octyne inhibition techniques.</p> Results <p>Applying straw or decomposing inoculants alone significantly reduced yield-scaled N<sub>2</sub>O emissions by 39.75% and 35.83%, respectively. The combined application showed a significantly greater reduction effect (46.47%). Decomposing inoculants promoted wheat plant growth and increased total nitrogen (TN) contents in both straw and grain. AOB dominated nitrification-related N<sub>2</sub>O production, while straw, decomposing inoculant, and their combinations significantly decreased AOB-mediated contributions by 9.19%, 7.63%, and 11.23%, respectively. In contrast, straw markedly enhanced the abundances of <i>nosZI</i> and <i>nosZII</i> genes. Structural equation modeling (SEM) suggested that the decreased N<sub>2</sub>O emissions under the combination of straw and decomposing inoculants were synergistically linked to the inhibited abundance of AOB and the enhanced abundances of <i>nosZI</i> and <i>nosZII</i>.</p> Conclusion <p>These results suggested that the straw-inoculant combination achieves a concurrence of crop yield enhancement and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions reduction, representing a win–win strategy for supporting food security and China’s “Dual Carbon” policy.</p>

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Straw-decomposing inoculants strengthen the mitigation effect of straw on N2O emissions via synergistically inhibiting the abundance and activity of AOB in a wheat field

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月9日

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  • Cheng Ji,
  • Pizhen Yang,
  • Jing Wang,
  • Jieru Liu,
  • Jie Zhou,
  • Cong Xu,
  • Jie Yuan,
  • Dong Liang,
  • Naijuan Hu,
  • Yunwang Ning,
  • Yongchun Zhang,
  • Jidong Wang

摘要

Background

The application of straw-decomposing inoculants has been demonstrated to accelerate straw decomposition and reduce soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in fields incorporated with straw. However, the mechanisms underlying N2O emission mitigation following decomposing inoculant application remain unclear.

Methods

A two-year field experiment was conducted in a subtropical wheat cropping system to elucidate key factors regulating N2O emissions under straw and straw-decomposing inoculant application. The autotrophic nitrification driven by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) was quantitatively partitioned using acetylene and 1-octyne inhibition techniques.

Results

Applying straw or decomposing inoculants alone significantly reduced yield-scaled N2O emissions by 39.75% and 35.83%, respectively. The combined application showed a significantly greater reduction effect (46.47%). Decomposing inoculants promoted wheat plant growth and increased total nitrogen (TN) contents in both straw and grain. AOB dominated nitrification-related N2O production, while straw, decomposing inoculant, and their combinations significantly decreased AOB-mediated contributions by 9.19%, 7.63%, and 11.23%, respectively. In contrast, straw markedly enhanced the abundances of nosZI and nosZII genes. Structural equation modeling (SEM) suggested that the decreased N2O emissions under the combination of straw and decomposing inoculants were synergistically linked to the inhibited abundance of AOB and the enhanced abundances of nosZI and nosZII.

Conclusion

These results suggested that the straw-inoculant combination achieves a concurrence of crop yield enhancement and N2O emissions reduction, representing a win–win strategy for supporting food security and China’s “Dual Carbon” policy.