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Aims <p>Plant- and microbial-derived carbon (C) are the primary sources of soil organic carbon (SOC) in coastal wetlands, yet their contributions across vegetation restoration chronosequences remain poorly understood.</p> Methods <p>Using biomarker approaches, we investigated the dynamics of total lignin phenols (VSC) and microbial necromass C (MNC) in SOC over a 20-year restoration chronosequence (0, 4, 8, 11, and 20&#xa0;years) in the Yellow River Delta of China.</p> Results <p>Restoration age significantly increased VSC contributions to SOC (1.9%–7.1%) but had limited effects on MNC, which averaged 28.64%—lower than anticipated. The contents of VSC, MNC, vanillyl phenols, syringyl phenols, cinnamyl phenols, fungal necromass C (FNC) and microbial biomass C (MBC) were positively correlated with SOC content. However, Bacterial necromass C (BNC) showed no significant correlation with SOC. Plant coverage and soil C/N ratio were the main drivers of C source changes, showing significant positive and negative linear relationships with VSC and MNC content, respectively. Structural equation modeling revealed that plant-derived C was the strongest positive predictor of SOC. In contrast, microbial-derived C exhibited a weak but statistically significant negative path coefficient, possibly due to reduced necromass accumulation efficiency or rapid microbial turnover under certain restoration conditions.</p> Conclusions <p>Although both VSC and MNC had a positive response to restoration age, increasing plant-derived C affected by plant cover and biomass is the main driver of enhanced SOC sequestration in coastal wetlands, compared to microbial-derived C.</p>

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Restoration age enhances soil organic carbon sequestration primarily through plant-derived carbon in a coastal wetland

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月2日

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  • Qixue Cao,
  • Xiaojie Wang,
  • Mingliang Zhao,
  • Qianqian Zhao,
  • Xiaojing Chu,
  • Lianjing Wang,
  • Weimin Song,
  • Xiaoshuai Zhang,
  • Guanxuan Han

摘要

Aims

Plant- and microbial-derived carbon (C) are the primary sources of soil organic carbon (SOC) in coastal wetlands, yet their contributions across vegetation restoration chronosequences remain poorly understood.

Methods

Using biomarker approaches, we investigated the dynamics of total lignin phenols (VSC) and microbial necromass C (MNC) in SOC over a 20-year restoration chronosequence (0, 4, 8, 11, and 20 years) in the Yellow River Delta of China.

Results

Restoration age significantly increased VSC contributions to SOC (1.9%–7.1%) but had limited effects on MNC, which averaged 28.64%—lower than anticipated. The contents of VSC, MNC, vanillyl phenols, syringyl phenols, cinnamyl phenols, fungal necromass C (FNC) and microbial biomass C (MBC) were positively correlated with SOC content. However, Bacterial necromass C (BNC) showed no significant correlation with SOC. Plant coverage and soil C/N ratio were the main drivers of C source changes, showing significant positive and negative linear relationships with VSC and MNC content, respectively. Structural equation modeling revealed that plant-derived C was the strongest positive predictor of SOC. In contrast, microbial-derived C exhibited a weak but statistically significant negative path coefficient, possibly due to reduced necromass accumulation efficiency or rapid microbial turnover under certain restoration conditions.

Conclusions

Although both VSC and MNC had a positive response to restoration age, increasing plant-derived C affected by plant cover and biomass is the main driver of enhanced SOC sequestration in coastal wetlands, compared to microbial-derived C.