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Background and Aims <p>Adequate nitrogen (N) supply, often met through biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in soybean plants, has been widely studied in North and South America and parts of Europe, but remains largely unexplored in Northern Europe. This study was conducted over two cropping seasons in the central Jutland region of Denmark to investigate the effectiveness of dual inoculation strategy with <i>Bradyrhizobium japonicum</i> for soybean, where local production faces challenges such as climate adaptation.</p> Methods <p>Building on previous greenhouse findings, we assessed the impact of inoculation treatments on soybean yield, nodulation, root traits, and nitrogen fixation in soils with no prior history of soybean cultivation.</p> Results <p>Variability in rainfall over the cropping seasons influenced pod development and N accumulation. In 2022, pod development was well-established, whereas the wetter conditions in 2023 promoted vegetative growth and nodule formation. The combination of seed inoculation plus additional inoculation at the V3 growth stage (third node) increased nodule number by 82.3%, nodule dry weight by 20.6%, and the quantity of N derived from the atmosphere by 30.2% compared with seed inoculation alone.</p> Conclusion <p>Efficient nodulation is crucial for ensuring N<sub>2</sub> fixation, highlighting that optimized inoculation practices, rather than N fertilizers, may offer a sustainable strategy to meet soybean’s N demands during the growing season were weather conditions challenge growth dynamics.</p>

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Effect of additional inoculation on in situ biomass, nodule formation and N2 fixation in soybean under Northern European conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月13日

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  • Juliana Trindade Martins,
  • Leanne Peixoto,
  • Franca Giannini-Kurina,
  • Eusun Han,
  • Jim Rasmussen

摘要

Background and Aims

Adequate nitrogen (N) supply, often met through biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in soybean plants, has been widely studied in North and South America and parts of Europe, but remains largely unexplored in Northern Europe. This study was conducted over two cropping seasons in the central Jutland region of Denmark to investigate the effectiveness of dual inoculation strategy with Bradyrhizobium japonicum for soybean, where local production faces challenges such as climate adaptation.

Methods

Building on previous greenhouse findings, we assessed the impact of inoculation treatments on soybean yield, nodulation, root traits, and nitrogen fixation in soils with no prior history of soybean cultivation.

Results

Variability in rainfall over the cropping seasons influenced pod development and N accumulation. In 2022, pod development was well-established, whereas the wetter conditions in 2023 promoted vegetative growth and nodule formation. The combination of seed inoculation plus additional inoculation at the V3 growth stage (third node) increased nodule number by 82.3%, nodule dry weight by 20.6%, and the quantity of N derived from the atmosphere by 30.2% compared with seed inoculation alone.

Conclusion

Efficient nodulation is crucial for ensuring N2 fixation, highlighting that optimized inoculation practices, rather than N fertilizers, may offer a sustainable strategy to meet soybean’s N demands during the growing season were weather conditions challenge growth dynamics.