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Aims <p>Urban green spaces serve as critical reservoirs of microbial biodiversity, yet how urbanization differentially filters above- and below-ground plant-associated microbiomes remains poorly understood.</p> Methods <p>We integrated 16S rRNA/ITS sequencing and trait—based analyses. Focusing on two tree species (<i>Populus tomentosa</i> Carrière and <i>Pinus tabuliformis</i> Carrière) across four urban green space types (parks, residential areas, road verges, suburban forests), we explored phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbiome structure, assembly, and networks.</p> Results <p>Phyllosphere communities were more variable than rhizosphere ones, with site differences as drivers. Leaf—associated microbes were more responsive to environment, likely due to soil buffering in rhizosphere. Bacteria were dominated by <i>Proteobacteria</i>/<i>Actinobacteria</i>; fungi by <i>Ascomycota</i>/<i>Basidiomycota</i>. Stochastic processes (&gt; 80% communities) governed assembly, with stronger environmental filtering in rhizosphere. Suburban forests had highest microbial α—diversity; road verges showed fragmented networks from anthropogenic disruption. Host traits mediated responses: <i>P. tomentosa</i> microbiomes linked to leaf/root traits; <i>P. tabuliformis</i> assemblages were more environment—dependent. Parks had complex microbial interactions; high—disturbance areas decoupled phyllosphere—rhizosphere connectivity.</p> Conclusion <p>This study advances urban microbiome ecology, showing urbanization gradients filter plant—associated microbiomes, trait—mediated host selection under anthropogenic pressures, and provides a framework to optimize green infrastructure for urban ecosystem resilience, illuminating stochastic—deterministic processes in microbial community shaping under rapid urbanization.</p>

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Site-specific heterogeneity overrides park-type effects in shaping divergent phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbiomes across urban green spaces

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月12日

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  • Yun Li,
  • Pin Li,
  • Xiaofan Hou,
  • Chenhan Ma,
  • Yushu Tian,
  • Qiannan Lin

摘要

Aims

Urban green spaces serve as critical reservoirs of microbial biodiversity, yet how urbanization differentially filters above- and below-ground plant-associated microbiomes remains poorly understood.

Methods

We integrated 16S rRNA/ITS sequencing and trait—based analyses. Focusing on two tree species (Populus tomentosa Carrière and Pinus tabuliformis Carrière) across four urban green space types (parks, residential areas, road verges, suburban forests), we explored phyllosphere and rhizosphere microbiome structure, assembly, and networks.

Results

Phyllosphere communities were more variable than rhizosphere ones, with site differences as drivers. Leaf—associated microbes were more responsive to environment, likely due to soil buffering in rhizosphere. Bacteria were dominated by Proteobacteria/Actinobacteria; fungi by Ascomycota/Basidiomycota. Stochastic processes (> 80% communities) governed assembly, with stronger environmental filtering in rhizosphere. Suburban forests had highest microbial α—diversity; road verges showed fragmented networks from anthropogenic disruption. Host traits mediated responses: P. tomentosa microbiomes linked to leaf/root traits; P. tabuliformis assemblages were more environment—dependent. Parks had complex microbial interactions; high—disturbance areas decoupled phyllosphere—rhizosphere connectivity.

Conclusion

This study advances urban microbiome ecology, showing urbanization gradients filter plant—associated microbiomes, trait—mediated host selection under anthropogenic pressures, and provides a framework to optimize green infrastructure for urban ecosystem resilience, illuminating stochastic—deterministic processes in microbial community shaping under rapid urbanization.