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Background and Aims <p>The large-scale cultivation of economic forests in the subtropical region of South China has generated substantial economic benefits. However, how different economic forests influence soil ecological processes by altering environmental heterogeneity remains poorly understood.</p> Methods <p>This study employed full-length 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the characteristics of soil bacterial communities in six representative economic forests, each with a stand age of over 20&#xa0;years, located in the subtropical region of South China. Soil quality was evaluated using a minimum data&#xa0;set approach that integrated analyses of soil physicochemical properties, nutrients, enzyme activities, and microbial diversity index.</p> Results <p>Soil nutrients are the most significant factor influencing microbial community stability (total effect: 0.7072) in South China subtropics. Soil quality in exotic forests (e.g., <i>Eucalyptus robusta</i>) was significantly lower than in native forests (SQI2: 0.454&#xa0;–&#xa0;0.609). Fruit orchards exhibited higher soil quality (SQI2: 0.497&#xa0;–&#xa0;0.609) than timber plantations (SQI2: 0.272&#xa0;–&#xa0;0.462), more closely resembling the conditions of natural secondary forests (SQI2: 0.669).</p> Conclusions <p>Different forests primarily reshape the structure and metabolic potential of bacterial communities by modulating soil nutrient dynamics. Exotic tree species notably alter the dominant phylum composition and diversity of soil microbial communities, resulting in changes to microbial community structure, metabolic functions, and overall soil quality.</p>

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Effects of long-term cultivation of different types of economic forests in the South China subtropics on soil bacterial communities and soil quality

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月6日

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  • Qiang Ran,
  • Chu-Wen Qin,
  • Guo-Hui Lu,
  • Hui-Ping He,
  • Qi-Lan Huang,
  • Jia Kang,
  • Shu Yan,
  • Ying-Qiang Wang

摘要

Background and Aims

The large-scale cultivation of economic forests in the subtropical region of South China has generated substantial economic benefits. However, how different economic forests influence soil ecological processes by altering environmental heterogeneity remains poorly understood.

Methods

This study employed full-length 16S rRNA sequencing to investigate the characteristics of soil bacterial communities in six representative economic forests, each with a stand age of over 20 years, located in the subtropical region of South China. Soil quality was evaluated using a minimum data set approach that integrated analyses of soil physicochemical properties, nutrients, enzyme activities, and microbial diversity index.

Results

Soil nutrients are the most significant factor influencing microbial community stability (total effect: 0.7072) in South China subtropics. Soil quality in exotic forests (e.g., Eucalyptus robusta) was significantly lower than in native forests (SQI2: 0.454 – 0.609). Fruit orchards exhibited higher soil quality (SQI2: 0.497 – 0.609) than timber plantations (SQI2: 0.272 – 0.462), more closely resembling the conditions of natural secondary forests (SQI2: 0.669).

Conclusions

Different forests primarily reshape the structure and metabolic potential of bacterial communities by modulating soil nutrient dynamics. Exotic tree species notably alter the dominant phylum composition and diversity of soil microbial communities, resulting in changes to microbial community structure, metabolic functions, and overall soil quality.