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Background and aims <p>Selenium (Se) acts in antioxidant metabolism and reduces oxidative stress under abiotic stress conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different sources and rates of foliar-applied Se in mitigating stress and Conilon coffee production during the ENSO phenomenon by measuring the crop's nutritional, physiological, and productive parameters.</p> Methods <p>Two experiments were conducted simultaneously in a randomized block design, with a 2 × 5 factorial scheme and four replications. Two Se sources (sodium selenate: Se(VI) and Se-bisglycinate: Se-Bis) were applied via foliar sprays during the small green fruit stage at five Se rates (0, 10, 20, 40, and 60&#xa0;mg L⁻<sup>1</sup>).</p> Results <p>Foliar application of Se(VI) and Se-Bis significantly increased foliar Se contents without causing toxicity or altering macronutrient and micronutrient contents. Selenium supply increased foliar proline concentration and antioxidant enzyme activity [superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT)], reduced lipid peroxidation, and improved photosynthetic performance, promoting starch accumulation in the leaves. Selenium applied at 20&#xa0;mg L⁻<sup>1</sup> resulted in yield gains of 21.60% and 13.77% compared with the control. Furthermore, our findings suggest that foliar application of Se stimulates the conversion of total free amino acids (AA) into total soluble proteins (TSP) in plants under stress conditions.</p> Conclusions <p>Foliar application of Se(VI) and Se-Bis at 20&#xa0;mg L⁻<sup>1</sup> of Se during the small green fruit stage proved to be a practical approach for reducing oxidative stress, enhancing photosynthetic performance, and ensuring a higher yield of Conilon coffee.</p>

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Foliar selenium application mitigates stress induced by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and enhances conilon coffee yield

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Edinei José Armani Borghi,
  • Leônidas Canuto dos Santos,
  • Fabrício Teixeira de Lima Gomes,
  • Amanda Santana Chales,
  • Francis Eliakin Portillo Magaña,
  • Maria Ligia de Souza Silva,
  • André Rodrigues dos Reis,
  • Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo,
  • Plinio Rodrigues dos Santos Filho,
  • Marcone Comério,
  • Luiz Roberto Guimarães Guilherme

摘要

Background and aims

Selenium (Se) acts in antioxidant metabolism and reduces oxidative stress under abiotic stress conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different sources and rates of foliar-applied Se in mitigating stress and Conilon coffee production during the ENSO phenomenon by measuring the crop's nutritional, physiological, and productive parameters.

Methods

Two experiments were conducted simultaneously in a randomized block design, with a 2 × 5 factorial scheme and four replications. Two Se sources (sodium selenate: Se(VI) and Se-bisglycinate: Se-Bis) were applied via foliar sprays during the small green fruit stage at five Se rates (0, 10, 20, 40, and 60 mg L⁻1).

Results

Foliar application of Se(VI) and Se-Bis significantly increased foliar Se contents without causing toxicity or altering macronutrient and micronutrient contents. Selenium supply increased foliar proline concentration and antioxidant enzyme activity [superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT)], reduced lipid peroxidation, and improved photosynthetic performance, promoting starch accumulation in the leaves. Selenium applied at 20 mg L⁻1 resulted in yield gains of 21.60% and 13.77% compared with the control. Furthermore, our findings suggest that foliar application of Se stimulates the conversion of total free amino acids (AA) into total soluble proteins (TSP) in plants under stress conditions.

Conclusions

Foliar application of Se(VI) and Se-Bis at 20 mg L⁻1 of Se during the small green fruit stage proved to be a practical approach for reducing oxidative stress, enhancing photosynthetic performance, and ensuring a higher yield of Conilon coffee.