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Background and aims <p>Nitrogen (N) fertilization potentially exacerbates phosphorus (P) limitation in grasslands, inducing the challenge in P acquisition of plants. Mowing may influence P limitation driven by N fertilization via biomass and nutrient removal. However, little is known about how grassland plants adjust their P use and acquisition strategies under varying N fertilization and mowing. This study aimed to investigate the changes in P uptake and P acquisition strategies of dominant species (e.g., <i>L. chinensis</i>) under N fertilization and mowing.&#xa0;</p> Methods <p>We conducted a 10-year field experiment in a temperate alkaline meadow, Northeastern China. The effects of N fertilization and mowing on soil properties, plant nutrient acquisition, and root/rhizosheath functional traits were examined, with emphasis on P uptake and acquisition strategies.</p> Results <p>Nitrogen addition and mowing interacted synergistically and improved the P content in <i>L. chinensis</i> by increasing the soil available N:P ratio. Nitrogen fertilization reduced bulk and rhizosheath soil pH by 0.32 and 0.40 units under non-mowed treatments, but which had less effect on regulating plant P availability as changes of pH did not promote the dissolution of immobile inorganic P. Averaged across all treatments, N fertilization significantly increased shoot P uptake by 48% and N fertilization enhanced P use efficiency by 7.2% in non-mowed treatments and 26.4% in mowed treatments. Nitrogen addition also significantly increased root mass, specific root size, and root/rhizosheath soil phosphatase activity and carboxylate concentrations, especially in mowed treatments. However, N fertilization reduced arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization by 20.2%. Under N fertilization, significantly positive correlations were found between root/rhizosheath soil phosphatase activity and root size, but the clearly negative correlations were observed between AMF colonization of root and other root/rhizosheath soil traits, with these relationships being more pronounced in mowed treatments.</p> Conclusions <p>Our results provide a mechanistic understanding of plant P use strategies under P limitation driven by anthropogenic N enrichment. These strategies mainly deplete soil organic P in non-mowed treatments and both organic and inorganic P in mowed treatments.</p>

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Mowing intensifies plant phosphorus limitation and phosphorus acquisition regulation under N fertilization in the temperate alkaline meadow

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月28日

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  • Haoran Fu,
  • Jibo Shi,
  • Xiaoying Chen,
  • Yu Tian,
  • Yingxin Huang,
  • Guangdi Li,
  • Qiang Li

摘要

Background and aims

Nitrogen (N) fertilization potentially exacerbates phosphorus (P) limitation in grasslands, inducing the challenge in P acquisition of plants. Mowing may influence P limitation driven by N fertilization via biomass and nutrient removal. However, little is known about how grassland plants adjust their P use and acquisition strategies under varying N fertilization and mowing. This study aimed to investigate the changes in P uptake and P acquisition strategies of dominant species (e.g., L. chinensis) under N fertilization and mowing. 

Methods

We conducted a 10-year field experiment in a temperate alkaline meadow, Northeastern China. The effects of N fertilization and mowing on soil properties, plant nutrient acquisition, and root/rhizosheath functional traits were examined, with emphasis on P uptake and acquisition strategies.

Results

Nitrogen addition and mowing interacted synergistically and improved the P content in L. chinensis by increasing the soil available N:P ratio. Nitrogen fertilization reduced bulk and rhizosheath soil pH by 0.32 and 0.40 units under non-mowed treatments, but which had less effect on regulating plant P availability as changes of pH did not promote the dissolution of immobile inorganic P. Averaged across all treatments, N fertilization significantly increased shoot P uptake by 48% and N fertilization enhanced P use efficiency by 7.2% in non-mowed treatments and 26.4% in mowed treatments. Nitrogen addition also significantly increased root mass, specific root size, and root/rhizosheath soil phosphatase activity and carboxylate concentrations, especially in mowed treatments. However, N fertilization reduced arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization by 20.2%. Under N fertilization, significantly positive correlations were found between root/rhizosheath soil phosphatase activity and root size, but the clearly negative correlations were observed between AMF colonization of root and other root/rhizosheath soil traits, with these relationships being more pronounced in mowed treatments.

Conclusions

Our results provide a mechanistic understanding of plant P use strategies under P limitation driven by anthropogenic N enrichment. These strategies mainly deplete soil organic P in non-mowed treatments and both organic and inorganic P in mowed treatments.