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Aimes <p>Root and rhizosphere microbiome interactions in agroecosystems are essential for sustaining plant health and productivity. Nevertheless, insufficient attention has focused on understanding how bio-organic fertilizer (BIO) application influences the structure, assembly patterns, and metabolic functions of the rhizosphere microbiome. Furthermore, the extent to which these changes impact root system architecture (RSA) and subsequently affect aboveground plant growth is not well comprehended.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a two-year pot experiment (2018–2019) using 1-year-old pear (<i>Pyrus pyrifolia</i>) seedlings under no fertilizer (NF), chemical fertilizer (CF) and BIO treatments to investigate the effects of different fertilization regimes on the root traits, assembly and potential functions of rhizosphere microbiome, plant aboveground-growth index (PAGI), and their connections.</p> Results <p>BIO treatment greatly promoted the above-ground growth of pear trees, with PAGI 1.24 and 2.95 times higher than the CF and NF treatments, respectively. Compared with the CF treatment, BIO increased 3rd-order lateral root number and length by 97% and 71%, respectively, yielding denser branching and shorter inter-branch distances. Rhizosphere microbiomes under BIO showed enriched bacterial genera (e.g., <i>Spartobacteria_genera_incertae_sedis</i>, <i>Gp2</i>) and fungi (<i>Microascu</i>s, <i>Mortierella</i>), altering community assembly. BIO optimized microbial co-occurrence networks (increased complexity and connectivity), which drove enhanced microbial carbon/nitrogen fixation, phosphate mineralization, and nitrification. This metabolic reprogramming elevated soil nutrient availability, directly stimulating root growth and branching. Furthermore, random forest model predictions revealed that soil nutrient content, root growth, bacterial community structure and metabolic functions were key factors for aboveground growth of pear trees.</p> Conclusions <p>These findings highlight BIO’s potential in climate-resilient agriculture by harnessing root-microbe interactions to improve soil health and crop performance.</p>

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Bioorganic fertilizer drives the root system architecture and rhizosphere microbiome interactions to stimulate aboveground growth of pear trees in acid red soil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月7日

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  • Yalong Kang,
  • Yanwei Ma,
  • Changyan Xie,
  • Caixia Dong,
  • Yangchun Xu,
  • Qirong Shen

摘要

Aimes

Root and rhizosphere microbiome interactions in agroecosystems are essential for sustaining plant health and productivity. Nevertheless, insufficient attention has focused on understanding how bio-organic fertilizer (BIO) application influences the structure, assembly patterns, and metabolic functions of the rhizosphere microbiome. Furthermore, the extent to which these changes impact root system architecture (RSA) and subsequently affect aboveground plant growth is not well comprehended.

Methods

We conducted a two-year pot experiment (2018–2019) using 1-year-old pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) seedlings under no fertilizer (NF), chemical fertilizer (CF) and BIO treatments to investigate the effects of different fertilization regimes on the root traits, assembly and potential functions of rhizosphere microbiome, plant aboveground-growth index (PAGI), and their connections.

Results

BIO treatment greatly promoted the above-ground growth of pear trees, with PAGI 1.24 and 2.95 times higher than the CF and NF treatments, respectively. Compared with the CF treatment, BIO increased 3rd-order lateral root number and length by 97% and 71%, respectively, yielding denser branching and shorter inter-branch distances. Rhizosphere microbiomes under BIO showed enriched bacterial genera (e.g., Spartobacteria_genera_incertae_sedis, Gp2) and fungi (Microascus, Mortierella), altering community assembly. BIO optimized microbial co-occurrence networks (increased complexity and connectivity), which drove enhanced microbial carbon/nitrogen fixation, phosphate mineralization, and nitrification. This metabolic reprogramming elevated soil nutrient availability, directly stimulating root growth and branching. Furthermore, random forest model predictions revealed that soil nutrient content, root growth, bacterial community structure and metabolic functions were key factors for aboveground growth of pear trees.

Conclusions

These findings highlight BIO’s potential in climate-resilient agriculture by harnessing root-microbe interactions to improve soil health and crop performance.