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Background and aims <p>Straw return is extensively used to enhance soil nutrient content and microbial activity in farming ecosystems. However, the dose–effect of straw on soil microbial metabolism and its underlying coupled processes of plant nutrient uptake remains poorly understood.</p> Methods <p>Field study was conducted in 2023–2024 in Northeast China and included four treatments: no tillage with straw return (NTS), plow tillage with straw return (PTS), rotary tillage with straw return (RTS), and conventional tillage (CT) without straw return (control). Microbial metabolism limitation was analyzed by ecoenzymatic stoichiometry, vector analysis, threshold elemental ratios, and threshold models of nutrient use efficiency.</p> Results <p>Soil microorganisms in the four treatments were subjected to phosphorus (P) limitation and compared with those in CT. The three straw return methods alleviated microbial P limitation significantly. Together with partial least squares path modeling and random forest analysis, ecological enzyme activities, especially P-acquiring enzymes, were the main factors regulating microbial nutrient limitation, in both the rhizosphere and bulk soil. Linear fitting demonstrated that alleviation of soil microbial P limitation in the rhizosphere following straw return was conducive for maize P uptake, which increased by 10.1%–18.1%, and grain yield, which increased by 6.66%–7.67%, averaged across three maize growth stages and years, when compared to those in CT.</p> Conclusion <p>Our results highlight the pathway via which microbial metabolism alleviated by straw return drives maize P uptake and grain yield, in addition to providing a theoretical basis for the application of straw return in agriculture.</p>

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Straw return increased maize phosphorus uptake and grain yield by alleviating rhizosphere soil microbial metabolism limitation: insights from ecoenzymatic stoichiometry

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月5日

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  • Xuelian Wang,
  • Xiangyu Li,
  • Zhengyu Wang,
  • Anran Long,
  • Xinjie Ji,
  • Xiangwei Gong,
  • Ying Jiang,
  • Hua Qi

摘要

Background and aims

Straw return is extensively used to enhance soil nutrient content and microbial activity in farming ecosystems. However, the dose–effect of straw on soil microbial metabolism and its underlying coupled processes of plant nutrient uptake remains poorly understood.

Methods

Field study was conducted in 2023–2024 in Northeast China and included four treatments: no tillage with straw return (NTS), plow tillage with straw return (PTS), rotary tillage with straw return (RTS), and conventional tillage (CT) without straw return (control). Microbial metabolism limitation was analyzed by ecoenzymatic stoichiometry, vector analysis, threshold elemental ratios, and threshold models of nutrient use efficiency.

Results

Soil microorganisms in the four treatments were subjected to phosphorus (P) limitation and compared with those in CT. The three straw return methods alleviated microbial P limitation significantly. Together with partial least squares path modeling and random forest analysis, ecological enzyme activities, especially P-acquiring enzymes, were the main factors regulating microbial nutrient limitation, in both the rhizosphere and bulk soil. Linear fitting demonstrated that alleviation of soil microbial P limitation in the rhizosphere following straw return was conducive for maize P uptake, which increased by 10.1%–18.1%, and grain yield, which increased by 6.66%–7.67%, averaged across three maize growth stages and years, when compared to those in CT.

Conclusion

Our results highlight the pathway via which microbial metabolism alleviated by straw return drives maize P uptake and grain yield, in addition to providing a theoretical basis for the application of straw return in agriculture.