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Aims <p>To better understand the possible mechanisms of salt-alkaline tolerance mediated by endophytes in <i>Festuca sinensis</i> and provide information for future breeding.</p> Methods <p>This study investigated the effects of <i>Epichloë sinensis</i> on the growth, photosynthesis, phytohormone, carbohydrate, element contents, and antioxidant abilities in two <i>F. sinensis</i> ecotypes (57 and 111) under different salt-alkaline treatments (equal molar mixture of NaCl and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, 0&#xa0;mM, 50&#xa0;mM, 100&#xa0;mM, 150&#xa0;mM, and 200&#xa0;mM).</p> Results <p>The results showed that salt-alkaline treatments inhibited the growth of <i>F. sinensis</i> because there were significant decreases in the transpiration rate, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), fructose contents in roots, and starch contents in shoots and roots (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) under most stress treatments. The presence of endophytes significantly improved the stress tolerance ability of <i>F. sinensis</i>. Compared with that of <i>Epichloë</i>-uninfected plants (E-), <i>Epichloë</i>-infected plants (E +) had significantly higher tiller number, transpiration rate, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, superoxide dismutase (SOD)&#xa0;activities, peroxidase (POD)&#xa0;activities,&#xa0;catalase (CAT) activities, and carbohydrate contents (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). The correlation analysis emphasized that antioxidant ability played an important role for endophyte to alleviate the salt-alkaline stress of <i>F. sinensis</i>. The host ecotype also affected the salt-alkaline tolerance of <i>F. sinensis</i>. In most cases, the growth and sugar contents of ecotype 111 were significantly higher than those of ecotype 57 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). In contrast, the phytohormone contents and antioxidant enzyme activities of ecotype 111 were significantly lower than those of ecotype 57 (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>These results suggested that the <i>Epichloë</i> endophyte improved the salt-alkaline tolerance of <i>F. sinensis</i> by improving photosynthesis, increasing antioxidant potential, and altering the osmotic adjustment ability.</p>

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Effect of the fungal endophyte Epichloë sinensis on the physiology of different Festuca sinensis ecotypes under salt-alkaline treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月7日

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  • Yang Luo,
  • Min Gao,
  • Pei Tian

摘要

Aims

To better understand the possible mechanisms of salt-alkaline tolerance mediated by endophytes in Festuca sinensis and provide information for future breeding.

Methods

This study investigated the effects of Epichloë sinensis on the growth, photosynthesis, phytohormone, carbohydrate, element contents, and antioxidant abilities in two F. sinensis ecotypes (57 and 111) under different salt-alkaline treatments (equal molar mixture of NaCl and NaHCO3, 0 mM, 50 mM, 100 mM, 150 mM, and 200 mM).

Results

The results showed that salt-alkaline treatments inhibited the growth of F. sinensis because there were significant decreases in the transpiration rate, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), fructose contents in roots, and starch contents in shoots and roots (P < 0.05) under most stress treatments. The presence of endophytes significantly improved the stress tolerance ability of F. sinensis. Compared with that of Epichloë-uninfected plants (E-), Epichloë-infected plants (E +) had significantly higher tiller number, transpiration rate, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, peroxidase (POD) activities, catalase (CAT) activities, and carbohydrate contents (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis emphasized that antioxidant ability played an important role for endophyte to alleviate the salt-alkaline stress of F. sinensis. The host ecotype also affected the salt-alkaline tolerance of F. sinensis. In most cases, the growth and sugar contents of ecotype 111 were significantly higher than those of ecotype 57 (P < 0.05). In contrast, the phytohormone contents and antioxidant enzyme activities of ecotype 111 were significantly lower than those of ecotype 57 (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

These results suggested that the Epichloë endophyte improved the salt-alkaline tolerance of F. sinensis by improving photosynthesis, increasing antioxidant potential, and altering the osmotic adjustment ability.