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Background and aims <p>Rice is an important crop worldwide and brown spot, caused by the fungus <i>Bipolaris oryzae</i>, has caused great yield losses. This study tested the hypothesis that rice plants sprayed with β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) or γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) could have their resistance against brown spot increased.</p> Methods <p>Plants were sprayed with BABA (100&#xa0;mM) or GABA (100&#xa0;mM) before fungal inoculation. The control treatment was water-sprayed plants. The photosynthetic performance and the action of defense and antioxidant enzymes was investigated.</p> Results <p>Brown spot progressed much faster in the leaves of water- and GABA-sprayed plants than in the leaves of BABA-sprayed plants. Reduced values for net CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation rate, stomatal conductance to water vapor, and transpiration linked to a lower concentration of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll <i>a</i> + <i>b</i> and carotenoids) were obtained for infected leaves of water- and GABA-sprayed plants compared to infected BABA-sprayed ones. The Chl <i>a</i> fluorescence parameters (variable-to-maximum Chl <i>a</i> fluorescence ratio, photochemical yield, yield for dissipation by down-regulation, and yield for non-regulated dissipation) were less impacted in the leaves of BABA-sprayed plants than for GABA-sprayed ones. For BABA-sprayed plants, greater superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity helped to lower the superoxide anion production. Chitinase (CHI), <i>β</i>-1,3-glucanase (GLU), peroxidase (POX), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and lipoxygenase activities were greater for infected BABA-sprayed plants than for infected GABA-sprayed ones.</p> Conclusion <p>The use of BABA ensured the preservation of the photosynthetic apparatus of infected leaves and potentiated CHI, GLU, PAL, POX, and SOD activities to alleviate the harmful effect of infection by <i>B. oryzae</i>.</p>

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Resistance of rice against infection by Bipolaris oryzae is differentially induced by β-aminobutyric and γ-aminobutyric acids

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月28日

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  • Leandro Castro Silva,
  • Bruno Nascimento Silva,
  • Verônica Vieira Brás,
  • Marcela Uli Peixoto Araújo,
  • Ana Claudia Ruschel Mochko,
  • Luiz Felipe Castro Carmo Pinto,
  • Fabrício Ávila Rodrigues

摘要

Background and aims

Rice is an important crop worldwide and brown spot, caused by the fungus Bipolaris oryzae, has caused great yield losses. This study tested the hypothesis that rice plants sprayed with β-aminobutyric acid (BABA) or γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) could have their resistance against brown spot increased.

Methods

Plants were sprayed with BABA (100 mM) or GABA (100 mM) before fungal inoculation. The control treatment was water-sprayed plants. The photosynthetic performance and the action of defense and antioxidant enzymes was investigated.

Results

Brown spot progressed much faster in the leaves of water- and GABA-sprayed plants than in the leaves of BABA-sprayed plants. Reduced values for net CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance to water vapor, and transpiration linked to a lower concentration of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a + b and carotenoids) were obtained for infected leaves of water- and GABA-sprayed plants compared to infected BABA-sprayed ones. The Chl a fluorescence parameters (variable-to-maximum Chl a fluorescence ratio, photochemical yield, yield for dissipation by down-regulation, and yield for non-regulated dissipation) were less impacted in the leaves of BABA-sprayed plants than for GABA-sprayed ones. For BABA-sprayed plants, greater superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity helped to lower the superoxide anion production. Chitinase (CHI), β-1,3-glucanase (GLU), peroxidase (POX), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and lipoxygenase activities were greater for infected BABA-sprayed plants than for infected GABA-sprayed ones.

Conclusion

The use of BABA ensured the preservation of the photosynthetic apparatus of infected leaves and potentiated CHI, GLU, PAL, POX, and SOD activities to alleviate the harmful effect of infection by B. oryzae.