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<p>Over 390 million people are infected with the dengue virus (DENV) every year, and these numbers increase year by year. Until now, there has been no antiviral drug to treat dengue fever; therefore, it remains one of the major public health concerns worldwide, especially in tropical countries. The dengue virus belongs to the family <i>Flaviviridae</i>, which causes dengue fever and is spread through the female <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquito. This virus has four serotypes, named DENV-1 to DENV-4. The dengue virus’s (+) ssRNA genome encodes three structural proteins (envelope, membrane, and capsid) and seven non-structural proteins. These non-structural proteins are arranged as follows: NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5. Historically, natural products have been used to produce medicines to treat various diseases. In this review, we highlight dengue epidemiology, dengue proteins and their potential as antiviral targets, as well as many phytochemicals that may help prevent dengue fever worldwide, including terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and glycosides. In the future, more attention should be given to exploring natural products to identify antivirals against dengue.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Dengue and natural products: unveiling nature’s potential in antiviral drug discovery

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Priya Manna,
  • Purna Chandra Pal

摘要

Over 390 million people are infected with the dengue virus (DENV) every year, and these numbers increase year by year. Until now, there has been no antiviral drug to treat dengue fever; therefore, it remains one of the major public health concerns worldwide, especially in tropical countries. The dengue virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae, which causes dengue fever and is spread through the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. This virus has four serotypes, named DENV-1 to DENV-4. The dengue virus’s (+) ssRNA genome encodes three structural proteins (envelope, membrane, and capsid) and seven non-structural proteins. These non-structural proteins are arranged as follows: NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5. Historically, natural products have been used to produce medicines to treat various diseases. In this review, we highlight dengue epidemiology, dengue proteins and their potential as antiviral targets, as well as many phytochemicals that may help prevent dengue fever worldwide, including terpenoids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and glycosides. In the future, more attention should be given to exploring natural products to identify antivirals against dengue.

Graphical abstract