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<p>The present study investigated the effects of plasma-activated water (PAW), generated using a cold atmospheric plasma jet, on seed germination and early biological responses in tree tomato (<i>Solanum betaceum</i>) seedlings. Seeds were subjected to imbibition in PAW produced at different activation times (0, 5, 10, and 15&#xa0;min) for two exposure periods (12 and 24&#xa0;h), which generated distinct physicochemical profiles characterized by acidic pH, increased oxidation–reduction potential, and elevated nitrate and nitrite concentrations. Germination and emergence, root and shoot development, leaf formation, and biochemical responses, including photosynthetic pigments, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity, were evaluated. PAW treatments produced marked improvements in early seedling development compared to non-activated water, particularly at longer activation times and shorter imbibition periods. Enhanced root elongation, accelerated germination, increased leaf development, and higher levels of chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity were observed in PAW-treated seedlings. These responses are consistent with the role of plasma-generated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as chemical signaling agents during seed imbibition. Overall, the results highlight the potential of plasma–liquid interactions to modulate early biological processes, supporting the application of plasma-activated water as a plasma-based biostimulant within the context of plasma chemistry and plasma processing.</p>

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Biostimulant Effects of Plasma-Activated Water on Germination and Early Seedling Development of Tree Tomato (Solanum betaceum Cav.)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月21日

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  • María Luisa Cid-López,
  • Yadira Karina Reyes-Acosta,
  • María Guadalupe Neira-Velazquez,
  • María de Jesús Martínez-Hernández,
  • Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera,
  • Lluvia de Abril Alexandra Soriano-Melgar

摘要

The present study investigated the effects of plasma-activated water (PAW), generated using a cold atmospheric plasma jet, on seed germination and early biological responses in tree tomato (Solanum betaceum) seedlings. Seeds were subjected to imbibition in PAW produced at different activation times (0, 5, 10, and 15 min) for two exposure periods (12 and 24 h), which generated distinct physicochemical profiles characterized by acidic pH, increased oxidation–reduction potential, and elevated nitrate and nitrite concentrations. Germination and emergence, root and shoot development, leaf formation, and biochemical responses, including photosynthetic pigments, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity, were evaluated. PAW treatments produced marked improvements in early seedling development compared to non-activated water, particularly at longer activation times and shorter imbibition periods. Enhanced root elongation, accelerated germination, increased leaf development, and higher levels of chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity were observed in PAW-treated seedlings. These responses are consistent with the role of plasma-generated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as chemical signaling agents during seed imbibition. Overall, the results highlight the potential of plasma–liquid interactions to modulate early biological processes, supporting the application of plasma-activated water as a plasma-based biostimulant within the context of plasma chemistry and plasma processing.