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<p>Systematic understanding of multiphase AC arcs in Ar–N₂ atmospheres is presented for the first time, linking spatiotemporal temperature fluctuations with electrode phenomena. Quantitative evidence is provided for arc constriction, enhanced swing behavior, and nitrogen-radical-induced electrode erosion. Thermal pinch effects caused by nitrogen dissociation and thermal conductivity led to reduced arc area and an increase of localized regions above 13,000&#xa0;K. High-speed synchronized diagnostics combining line and continuum emissions enabled measurement of two-dimensional temperature distributions under non-axisymmetric conditions. Electrode studies revealed accelerated erosion of oxide-doped tungsten electrodes in nitrogen-rich atmospheres. Gibbs free energy analysis demonstrated that reduction of electrode oxides by N radicals raised effective work function, enhancing heating and tungsten evaporation. These findings propose a comprehensive framework that couples arc dynamics with electrode chemistry in multiphase AC arcs. The results provide new insights into arc–electrode interactions and support advanced applications of multiphase AC arcs as thermal and reactive sources.</p>

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Systematic Understanding of Temperature Fields and Electrode Phenomena in Multiphase AC Ar–N₂ Arcs

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月17日

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  • Manabu Tanaka,
  • Takayuki Watanabe

摘要

Systematic understanding of multiphase AC arcs in Ar–N₂ atmospheres is presented for the first time, linking spatiotemporal temperature fluctuations with electrode phenomena. Quantitative evidence is provided for arc constriction, enhanced swing behavior, and nitrogen-radical-induced electrode erosion. Thermal pinch effects caused by nitrogen dissociation and thermal conductivity led to reduced arc area and an increase of localized regions above 13,000 K. High-speed synchronized diagnostics combining line and continuum emissions enabled measurement of two-dimensional temperature distributions under non-axisymmetric conditions. Electrode studies revealed accelerated erosion of oxide-doped tungsten electrodes in nitrogen-rich atmospheres. Gibbs free energy analysis demonstrated that reduction of electrode oxides by N radicals raised effective work function, enhancing heating and tungsten evaporation. These findings propose a comprehensive framework that couples arc dynamics with electrode chemistry in multiphase AC arcs. The results provide new insights into arc–electrode interactions and support advanced applications of multiphase AC arcs as thermal and reactive sources.