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<p>Expandable graphite is synthesized by homogeneously mixing graphite, an oxidant, and an intercalation agent at a controlled temperature, followed by washing, filtration, and drying. To prevent over-expansion during drying, conventional techniques such as low-temperature (≤ 50℃) or vacuum drying are typically employed; However, these methods are often associated with slow drying rates and high energy consumption. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) drying represents an energy-efficient, non-thermal technology particularly suitable for dehydrating heat-sensitive materials. To avoid structural alterations induced by high temperatures, this study applied EHD drying to expandable graphite, with a focus on investigating the influence of key operational parameters, including discharge electrode polarity, needle tip curvature radius, discharge voltage, discharge gap, and gas flow rate, on the drying kinetics in a single-needle configuration. Throughout the process, sample temperature variations, ion-wind velocity distribution, corona discharge characteristics, and scanning electron microscopy morphology before and after EHD treatment were systematically monitored. The experimental results indicate that optimal drying performance was achieved using a needle electrode with a tip curvature radius of 0.2&#xa0;mm under the following conditions: an applied voltage of -35.0&#xa0;kV, a discharge gap of 5.0&#xa0;cm, and a gas flow rate of 5.0&#xa0;L/min. Moreover, the EHD drying process induced no measurable temperature rise in the material and had no significant effect on its microstructure.</p>

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Study on Plasma Drying of Expandable Graphite and Influencing Factors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月27日

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  • Fei Liu,
  • Zhe Yu,
  • Xiaochuan Zhang,
  • Long Chen,
  • Chunlian Song,
  • Ping Duan

摘要

Expandable graphite is synthesized by homogeneously mixing graphite, an oxidant, and an intercalation agent at a controlled temperature, followed by washing, filtration, and drying. To prevent over-expansion during drying, conventional techniques such as low-temperature (≤ 50℃) or vacuum drying are typically employed; However, these methods are often associated with slow drying rates and high energy consumption. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) drying represents an energy-efficient, non-thermal technology particularly suitable for dehydrating heat-sensitive materials. To avoid structural alterations induced by high temperatures, this study applied EHD drying to expandable graphite, with a focus on investigating the influence of key operational parameters, including discharge electrode polarity, needle tip curvature radius, discharge voltage, discharge gap, and gas flow rate, on the drying kinetics in a single-needle configuration. Throughout the process, sample temperature variations, ion-wind velocity distribution, corona discharge characteristics, and scanning electron microscopy morphology before and after EHD treatment were systematically monitored. The experimental results indicate that optimal drying performance was achieved using a needle electrode with a tip curvature radius of 0.2 mm under the following conditions: an applied voltage of -35.0 kV, a discharge gap of 5.0 cm, and a gas flow rate of 5.0 L/min. Moreover, the EHD drying process induced no measurable temperature rise in the material and had no significant effect on its microstructure.