Chemistry in Cryogenic Etching: A Tutorial
摘要
Cooling the substrate to stimulate chemical reactions can seem rather counterintuitive. However, this is one of the advantages often observed in plasma cryogenic etching. This article discusses the interactions between plasma and the surface at low temperature. It begins by reviewing the fundamental theories of adsorption as applied to etching. The theoretical concepts are then illustrated in the second part of the article by two different cryogenic processes developed and studied as part of research programs: the reinforcement of the SiOxFy passivation layer in the STiGer cryogenic deep silicon etching process and cryogenic Atomic Layer Etching (cryo-ALE) of SiO2 from physisorbed C4F8 molecules.