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<p>In this study, Ar-CO<sub>2</sub> submerged thermal plasma jet was generated using a novel 15&#xa0;kW DC non-transferred hollow cathode torch to evaluate the efficiency of the thermal plasma system for the degradation of a 30% (v/v) tributyl phosphate in dodecane (TBP/DD). The plasma torch was characterized to understand its operational behavior under varying conditions, such as current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, arc voltage fluctuations, jet length, and UV radiation emission intensity at different Ar-CO<sub>2</sub> gas ratios. The TBP/DD organic solvent was introduced into the reactor along with water, forming two distinct phases: organic phase and aqueous phase. This two-phase mixture was then subjected to thermal plasma treatment for varying durations. The system demonstrated complete organic volume reduction, around 97.7% mineralization efficiency, and 90% phosphorus capture, thus highlighting the reactor’s significant potential for organic liquid waste degradation. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of the aqueous phase was used to identify the degradation intermediates, providing insight into the chemical transformations during plasma treatment. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of solid residues obtained at the end of the treatment revealed that carbonaceous compounds are the stable end products of the treatment process. The integration of these analytical techniques not only confirms the effective degradation of organic liquid waste but also elucidates potential degradation pathways and mechanisms underlying the degradation of organic waste in the Ar-CO<sub>2</sub> submerged thermal plasma system. These findings significantly advance the understanding of plasma-induced organophosphate breakdown, providing a foundation for optimizing thermal plasma systems in the treatment of hazardous organic contaminants.</p>

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Characterization and Performance Evaluation of Ar-CO2 Submerged Thermal Plasma System for Organic Liquid Waste Degradation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月4日

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  • Nanditta Nandy,
  • Amarnath Pasupathi,
  • Srikumar Ghorui,
  • Yugeswaran Subramaniam

摘要

In this study, Ar-CO2 submerged thermal plasma jet was generated using a novel 15 kW DC non-transferred hollow cathode torch to evaluate the efficiency of the thermal plasma system for the degradation of a 30% (v/v) tributyl phosphate in dodecane (TBP/DD). The plasma torch was characterized to understand its operational behavior under varying conditions, such as current-voltage (I-V) characteristics, arc voltage fluctuations, jet length, and UV radiation emission intensity at different Ar-CO2 gas ratios. The TBP/DD organic solvent was introduced into the reactor along with water, forming two distinct phases: organic phase and aqueous phase. This two-phase mixture was then subjected to thermal plasma treatment for varying durations. The system demonstrated complete organic volume reduction, around 97.7% mineralization efficiency, and 90% phosphorus capture, thus highlighting the reactor’s significant potential for organic liquid waste degradation. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis of the aqueous phase was used to identify the degradation intermediates, providing insight into the chemical transformations during plasma treatment. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of solid residues obtained at the end of the treatment revealed that carbonaceous compounds are the stable end products of the treatment process. The integration of these analytical techniques not only confirms the effective degradation of organic liquid waste but also elucidates potential degradation pathways and mechanisms underlying the degradation of organic waste in the Ar-CO2 submerged thermal plasma system. These findings significantly advance the understanding of plasma-induced organophosphate breakdown, providing a foundation for optimizing thermal plasma systems in the treatment of hazardous organic contaminants.