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<p>Stainless steel is one of the most essential materials in daily life due to its corrosion-resistant properties. One of the vital metal components in stainless steel is chromium, which forms a protective layer on the surface of stainless steel when exposed to air. The chromium used in stainless steel production typically comes from ferrochrome, produced through chromite ore's carbothermic reduction. This production process results in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions of 5.4&#xa0;tCO<sub>2</sub>-eq/t ferrochrome. Hydrogen plasma smelting reduction (HPSR) has emerged as a critical area of contemporary research and development to achieve more sustainable metal production. Here, we show that HPSR can produce ferrochrome containing 50% chromium from chromite ore within 6&#xa0;min. The ferrochrome produced contains no carbon, which means that no AOD (argon oxygen decarburization) converter nor VOD (vacuum oxygen decarburization) is required for stainless steel manufacturing, which leads to a shorter process route and more sustainable stainless steelmaking.</p>

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Rapid and Sustainable Ferrochrome Production from Chromite Ore by Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Dale Tandersen,
  • Abrar Taimullah,
  • Izzul Islam,
  • Baihaqi Hakim,
  • Yerbolat Makhambetov,
  • Yopi Hendrawan,
  • Taufiq Hidayat,
  • Zulfiadi Zulhan

摘要

Stainless steel is one of the most essential materials in daily life due to its corrosion-resistant properties. One of the vital metal components in stainless steel is chromium, which forms a protective layer on the surface of stainless steel when exposed to air. The chromium used in stainless steel production typically comes from ferrochrome, produced through chromite ore's carbothermic reduction. This production process results in CO2 emissions of 5.4 tCO2-eq/t ferrochrome. Hydrogen plasma smelting reduction (HPSR) has emerged as a critical area of contemporary research and development to achieve more sustainable metal production. Here, we show that HPSR can produce ferrochrome containing 50% chromium from chromite ore within 6 min. The ferrochrome produced contains no carbon, which means that no AOD (argon oxygen decarburization) converter nor VOD (vacuum oxygen decarburization) is required for stainless steel manufacturing, which leads to a shorter process route and more sustainable stainless steelmaking.