Scholarlink

<p>This paper evaluates the oxidation behavior of T91 ferritic/martensitic steel exposed to flowing oxygen-saturated lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) with a 90° impact angle at 500&#xa0;°C, using multiple characterization techniques. Complex multilayered oxide scales with an alternating Fe–Cr spinel-magnetite characteristic were observed under the current condition. This contrasts sharply with the typical double-layered oxide scales observed in static LBE environment, which consist of Fe–Cr spinel and magnetite. More importantly, such multilayered oxide scales in the current condition&#xa0;display a much higher growth rate. After 1000&#xa0;h of exposure, their thickness reached ~ 32&#xa0;μm, nearly 1.5 times greater than that in static oxygen-saturated LBE. The accelerated growth is attributed to enhanced oxygen transport, promoted by the penetration of liquid LBE into the interface between the Fe–Cr spinel and the substrate due to partial exfoliation of adjacent oxides. In addition, the formation of abundant crystal defects within the surface region of&#xa0;the substrate induced by the impact of flowing LBE should also&#xa0;play a role. Finally, a possible physical model is proposed and discussed.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Toward Understanding the Formation and Microstructure of Complex Multilayered Oxide Scales in Flowing Lead–Bismuth Eutectic (LBE)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月28日

查看全文
  • Wei Zhao,
  • Qi Sun,
  • Zhihua Lu,
  • Pengfei Yang,
  • Xiujie He,
  • Minhao Zhu

摘要

This paper evaluates the oxidation behavior of T91 ferritic/martensitic steel exposed to flowing oxygen-saturated lead–bismuth eutectic (LBE) with a 90° impact angle at 500 °C, using multiple characterization techniques. Complex multilayered oxide scales with an alternating Fe–Cr spinel-magnetite characteristic were observed under the current condition. This contrasts sharply with the typical double-layered oxide scales observed in static LBE environment, which consist of Fe–Cr spinel and magnetite. More importantly, such multilayered oxide scales in the current condition display a much higher growth rate. After 1000 h of exposure, their thickness reached ~ 32 μm, nearly 1.5 times greater than that in static oxygen-saturated LBE. The accelerated growth is attributed to enhanced oxygen transport, promoted by the penetration of liquid LBE into the interface between the Fe–Cr spinel and the substrate due to partial exfoliation of adjacent oxides. In addition, the formation of abundant crystal defects within the surface region of the substrate induced by the impact of flowing LBE should also play a role. Finally, a possible physical model is proposed and discussed.