In this note, we study various relational and algebraic aspects of the bounded quasi-implication algebras introduced by Hardegree (Algebra Univers. 12, 30–47, 1981, Algebra Univers. 12, 48–65, 1981). By generalizing the constructions given by MacLaren (Pac. J. Math. 14, 597–612, 1964) and Goldblatt (Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 7, 45–48, 1975) within the setting of ortholattices, we construct various orthogonality relations from bounded quasi-implication algebras. We then introduce certain bounded quasi-implication algebras with an additional operator, which we call monadic quasi-implication algebras, and study them within the setting of quantum monadic algebras. A quantum monadic algebra is an orthomodular lattice equipped with a closure operator, known as a quantifier, whose closed elements form an orthomodular sub-lattice. It is shown that every quantum monadic algebra can be converted into a monadic quasi-implication algebra with the underlying magma structure being determined by the operation of Sasaki implication on the underlying orthomodular lattice. It is then conversely demonstrated that every monadic quasi-implication algebra can be converted into a quantum monadic algebra. These constructions are shown to induce an isomorphism between the category <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11083_2025_9706_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="47" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\textbf{QMA}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="bold">QMA</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of quantum monadic algebras and the category <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11083_2025_9706_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="54" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$\textbf{MQIA}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi mathvariant="bold">MQIA</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of monadic quasi-implication algebras. Finally, by generalizing the constructions given by Harding (J. Phys. A Math. Theo. 55, 39, 2022) as well as Harding, McDonald, and Peinado (Algebra Univers. 86, 11, 2025) in the setting of monadic ortholattices, we construct various monadic orthoframes from monadic quasi-implication algebras.

Orthogonality Relations and Operators on Bounded Quasi-Implication Algebras

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发表日期：

2025年8月14日

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Joseph McDonald

摘要

In this note, we study various relational and algebraic aspects of the bounded quasi-implication algebras introduced by Hardegree (Algebra Univers. 12, 30–47, 1981, Algebra Univers. 12, 48–65, 1981). By generalizing the constructions given by MacLaren (Pac. J. Math. 14, 597–612, 1964) and Goldblatt (Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 7, 45–48, 1975) within the setting of ortholattices, we construct various orthogonality relations from bounded quasi-implication algebras. We then introduce certain bounded quasi-implication algebras with an additional operator, which we call monadic quasi-implication algebras, and study them within the setting of quantum monadic algebras. A quantum monadic algebra is an orthomodular lattice equipped with a closure operator, known as a quantifier, whose closed elements form an orthomodular sub-lattice. It is shown that every quantum monadic algebra can be converted into a monadic quasi-implication algebra with the underlying magma structure being determined by the operation of Sasaki implication on the underlying orthomodular lattice. It is then conversely demonstrated that every monadic quasi-implication algebra can be converted into a quantum monadic algebra. These constructions are shown to induce an isomorphism between the category $\textbf{QMA}$ $QMA$ of quantum monadic algebras and the category $\textbf{MQIA}$ $MQIA$ of monadic quasi-implication algebras. Finally, by generalizing the constructions given by Harding (J. Phys. A Math. Theo. 55, 39, 2022) as well as Harding, McDonald, and Peinado (Algebra Univers. 86, 11, 2025) in the setting of monadic ortholattices, we construct various monadic orthoframes from monadic quasi-implication algebras.