Design and evaluation of a high-performance glucose sensor based on a plasmonic nanodisk resonator utilizing triangular sectors
摘要
This paper presents the development of an optical refractive index sensor for detecting glucose concentration in water. The proposed structure is based on a plasmonic slot nanodisk resonator incorporating two internal triangular sectors. Its optical and sensing performance was evaluated using full-wave numerical analysis with the finite element method. Optimization of structural and sensing parameters was performed using a novel figure-of-merit equation, which reduced computational effort while enhancing key optical metrics, including free spectral range, extinction ratio, full width at half maximum, sensitivity, and figure of merit. In the liquid phase, the sensor achieved a sensitivity of 618 nm/RIU, a figure of merit of 432 1/RIU, and a quality factor of 577 at 825 nm for glucose concentrations ranging from 0 to 50%. Compared to previous studies with similar resonator dimensions and operating wavelengths, these results demonstrate improvements of up to 108% in quality factor and 58% in figure of merit, with additional performance gains observed in the gas phase. These enhancements are attributed to stronger light–matter interaction in the sensing region, enabled by improved optical confinement from the excitation of edge and cavity modes. The proposed sensor shows strong potential for integration into on-chip photonic devices for medical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.