<p>In this paper, a vanadium dioxide (VO₂)-based broadband polarization converter with the ability to convert different polarizations in reflection and transmission modes has been designed. When VO₂ is in the insulating state, the structure has linear to linear and circular to circular polarization conversion performances in transmission mode. In additon, the structure has asymmetric transmission capability. In the metallic state of VO₂, the structure exhibits a four-band linear to linear and a five-band linear to circular polarization conversion functions. Under circularly polarized incident wave, a two-band circular to circular polarization conversion has been obtained, and also at six frequency points the reflected wave has linear polarization. Surface current distribution analysis, in addtion to the study of the effects of important geometric parameters and incidence and polarization angles on the polarization converter’s performance have been presented. The device shows robust performance for incidence angles up to about 40°. To confirm the validity of the simulation results, the equivalent circuit model of the structure has been extracted. The proposed structure offers a wide range of applications, including multichannel polarization detection and multifunctional integrated systems.</p>