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<p>This study investigates the propagation behavior of a recently introduced vortex laser beam, termed the modified anomalous vortex beam (MAVB), in two distinct optical environments: gradient-index (GRIN) and chiral media. Analytical propagation expressions are derived using the Huygens-Fresnel integral, employing the <i>ABCD</i> matrix approach to model the paraxial propagation through optical systems. Through detailed numerical simulations, we explore the influence of beam parameters, such as topological charge, beam order, and modification parameters, along with medium-specific parameters on the intensity and phase evolution of MAVB. In the GRIN medium, the MAVB demonstrates periodic self-focusing behavior while maintaining its vortex structure over propagation distance. In a chiral medium, the beam splits into left- and right-circularly polarized components (LCP, and RCP, respectively), whose propagation trajectories and intensity profiles are found to be highly sensitive to the chiral parameter and beam configuration. Notably, the chiral parameter exerts a stronger effect on the beam’s behavior in the field than in the near field. These findings offer new insights into the control and manipulation of structured light in complex media and could support applications in optical trapping, communications, and polarization-sensitive beam shaping.</p>

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Propagation behavior of vortex laser beam in gradient index and chiral mediums

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月20日

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  • Faroq Saad,
  • Ahmed A. A. Ebrahim,
  • Salma Chib,
  • Halima Benzehoua,
  • Abdelmajid Belafhal

摘要

This study investigates the propagation behavior of a recently introduced vortex laser beam, termed the modified anomalous vortex beam (MAVB), in two distinct optical environments: gradient-index (GRIN) and chiral media. Analytical propagation expressions are derived using the Huygens-Fresnel integral, employing the ABCD matrix approach to model the paraxial propagation through optical systems. Through detailed numerical simulations, we explore the influence of beam parameters, such as topological charge, beam order, and modification parameters, along with medium-specific parameters on the intensity and phase evolution of MAVB. In the GRIN medium, the MAVB demonstrates periodic self-focusing behavior while maintaining its vortex structure over propagation distance. In a chiral medium, the beam splits into left- and right-circularly polarized components (LCP, and RCP, respectively), whose propagation trajectories and intensity profiles are found to be highly sensitive to the chiral parameter and beam configuration. Notably, the chiral parameter exerts a stronger effect on the beam’s behavior in the field than in the near field. These findings offer new insights into the control and manipulation of structured light in complex media and could support applications in optical trapping, communications, and polarization-sensitive beam shaping.