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<p>This paper explores the characteristics of the diffraction of a controllable dark hollow beam (CDHB) by an opaque disk. The propagation formula of the CDHB diffracted by the opaque disk is derived utilizing the Huygens-Fresnel integral. Graphical representations are conducted and analyzed based on the main analytical result. The analysis focuses on how incident beam parameters, including beam order, control beam parameter, beam waist, and opaque disk diameter, influence the intensity distribution of the CDHB. It is shown that adjusting the beam parameters and the opaque disk diameter affects the intensity profile and the on-axis intensity distribution of the diffracted beam. The results indicate that the diffraction of a CDHB by an opaque disk produces a central bright ring with surrounding weaker rings, whose intensity diminishes as the disk’s diameter increases, making these findings valuable for optical communication applications.</p>

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Study of the Fresnel diffraction of a controllable dark hollow beam by an opaque disk

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月10日

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  • Faroq Saad,
  • Halima Benzehoua,
  • Salma Chib,
  • Abdelmajid Belafhal

摘要

This paper explores the characteristics of the diffraction of a controllable dark hollow beam (CDHB) by an opaque disk. The propagation formula of the CDHB diffracted by the opaque disk is derived utilizing the Huygens-Fresnel integral. Graphical representations are conducted and analyzed based on the main analytical result. The analysis focuses on how incident beam parameters, including beam order, control beam parameter, beam waist, and opaque disk diameter, influence the intensity distribution of the CDHB. It is shown that adjusting the beam parameters and the opaque disk diameter affects the intensity profile and the on-axis intensity distribution of the diffracted beam. The results indicate that the diffraction of a CDHB by an opaque disk produces a central bright ring with surrounding weaker rings, whose intensity diminishes as the disk’s diameter increases, making these findings valuable for optical communication applications.