<p>This paper investigates a higher-order Susceptible-Infectious-Susceptible (SIS) epidemic model incorporating disease-fear and vaccine-fear behavioral states on heterogeneous hypergraphs. By explicitly modeling both disease-related fear and vaccine-related fear within higher-order transmission processes, and classifying susceptible individuals into multiple behavioral states, the framework captures the coupled dynamics among heterogeneous network structure, epidemic spreading, and behavioral responses. Under a mean-field approximation, self-consistent equations are established for both degree-correlated and uncorrelated hypergraphs, allowing analytical determination of epidemic thresholds and equilibrium states. Numerical results reveal that fear-related behavioral responses can substantially affect epidemic outbreaks. In addition, the interaction between higher-order contagion and behavioral responses leads to complex nonlinear dynamics, such as explosive phase transitions, hysteresis, and bistability. Structural heterogeneity further enlarges the bistable region and strengthens discontinuous transitions, underscoring the crucial impact of higher-order interactions and behavioral responses on epidemic spreading.</p>

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Fear-driven higher-order epidemic dynamics on heterogeneous hypergraphs

  • Huilin Pu,
  • Shidong Zhai,
  • Junli Tao

摘要

This paper investigates a higher-order Susceptible-Infectious-Susceptible (SIS) epidemic model incorporating disease-fear and vaccine-fear behavioral states on heterogeneous hypergraphs. By explicitly modeling both disease-related fear and vaccine-related fear within higher-order transmission processes, and classifying susceptible individuals into multiple behavioral states, the framework captures the coupled dynamics among heterogeneous network structure, epidemic spreading, and behavioral responses. Under a mean-field approximation, self-consistent equations are established for both degree-correlated and uncorrelated hypergraphs, allowing analytical determination of epidemic thresholds and equilibrium states. Numerical results reveal that fear-related behavioral responses can substantially affect epidemic outbreaks. In addition, the interaction between higher-order contagion and behavioral responses leads to complex nonlinear dynamics, such as explosive phase transitions, hysteresis, and bistability. Structural heterogeneity further enlarges the bistable region and strengthens discontinuous transitions, underscoring the crucial impact of higher-order interactions and behavioral responses on epidemic spreading.