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<p>There is a growing demand for passive materials capable of controlling elastic waves in a tunable and direction-dependent manner, especially in applications where external power, complex assemblies, or pre-compression are impractical. The current study introduces a novel passive, monolithic, assembly-free asymmetric frictional phononic metamaterial (PMM) with direction-dependent wave propagation. Linear Bloch eigenfrequency analysis predicts pronounced anisotropy and low-frequency band gaps arising from the asymmetric unit-cell geometry, including a wide band gap spanning 1203–2392&#xa0;Hz (1189&#xa0;Hz, <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\sim \)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mo>∼</mo> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>65% fractional bandwidth). Nonlinear transient simulations quantify transmission loss and are corroborated by experimental tests on 3D-printed PMM arrays. Parametric studies show that friction and loading amplitude primarily influence transmissibility near the lower band gaps through stick–slip dissipation, whereas the higher-frequency response is comparatively insensitive. Direction-dependent transmission emerges when the asymmetric unit cell operates with frictional contacts and geometrical nonlinearity, suggesting passive nonreciprocal wave propagation tunable via the friction coefficient.</p>

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Monolithic frictional phononic metamaterials exhibiting directional nonlinear wave transmission

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Fatemeh Delzendehrooy,
  • Carson L. Willey,
  • Vincent Chen,
  • Abigail Juhl,
  • Alireza Amirkhizi,
  • Azadeh Sheidaei

摘要

There is a growing demand for passive materials capable of controlling elastic waves in a tunable and direction-dependent manner, especially in applications where external power, complex assemblies, or pre-compression are impractical. The current study introduces a novel passive, monolithic, assembly-free asymmetric frictional phononic metamaterial (PMM) with direction-dependent wave propagation. Linear Bloch eigenfrequency analysis predicts pronounced anisotropy and low-frequency band gaps arising from the asymmetric unit-cell geometry, including a wide band gap spanning 1203–2392 Hz (1189 Hz, \(\sim \) ∼ 65% fractional bandwidth). Nonlinear transient simulations quantify transmission loss and are corroborated by experimental tests on 3D-printed PMM arrays. Parametric studies show that friction and loading amplitude primarily influence transmissibility near the lower band gaps through stick–slip dissipation, whereas the higher-frequency response is comparatively insensitive. Direction-dependent transmission emerges when the asymmetric unit cell operates with frictional contacts and geometrical nonlinearity, suggesting passive nonreciprocal wave propagation tunable via the friction coefficient.