<p>We study the fractional coupled Higgs system through new solitary and soliton wave solutions achieved by using the Riccati-Bernoulli sub-ODE method and Bäcklund transformation. The methods produce several kinds of exact wave solutions together with periodically perturbed structures that reveal the dynamic system behavior under fractional-order influences. The fractional Higgs system draws its theoretical basis from quantum field theory and explains localized waveform movements suitable for hydrodynamic and plasma physical and nonlinear optic applications. This work shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach by visually representing the solutions followed by a demonstration of how changing the fractional-order parameter affects wave profile characteristics. The obtained research data expands understanding about the shape of nonlinear waves controlled by fractional dynamic principles.</p>