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<p>This study examines the dynamics of climate-induced internal displacement in the southwestern coast of Bangladesh, focusing on socioeconomic, environmental, and geospatial stressors such as vegetation degradation, land-use transitions, and salinity intrusion. Using a mixed-method approach the research combines household survey data with qualitative and geospatial analysis. Household-level vulnerability was assessed through the Livelihood Effect Index (LEI), while land cover and vegetation dynamics were examined using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Findings reveal that food insecurity (β = 0.819), water scarcity (β = 0.922), limited livelihood diversification (β = 1.027) are the strongest predictors of displacement, whereas, financial capital and sociodemographic stability reduce susceptibility. The LEI analysis reveals spatial disparities, largely influenced by natural, financial, and human capital. Geospatial analysis from 1992 to 2022 indicates a marked decline in vegetation cover and major land-use changes, including wetland shrinkage (− 6,361&#xa0;ha) and water body expansion (+ 8,654&#xa0;ha), reflecting environmental degradation closely linked to displacement pressures. Qualitative insights corroborate these findings, emphasizing community perspectives of environmental degradation and livelihood stress. Policy priorities should focus on diversifying livelihoods through vocational training and small enterprises, promoting eco-aquaculture, and expanding safe water access. These must be reinforced by mangrove restoration, stricter regulation of shrimp farming, and expanded social protection. Integrating these measures into national adaptation strategies and union-level plans is critical to strengthen resilience in coastal Bangladesh.</p>

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Climate-induced internal displacement in the Southwestern Coast of Bangladesh: socioeconomic vulnerabilities and spatiotemporal dynamics

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Borshon Bhattacharjee,
  • Bivuti Bhushan Sikder,
  • Tasneem Chowdhury Fahim,
  • Md Sohan Khan,
  • Ariful Islam

摘要

This study examines the dynamics of climate-induced internal displacement in the southwestern coast of Bangladesh, focusing on socioeconomic, environmental, and geospatial stressors such as vegetation degradation, land-use transitions, and salinity intrusion. Using a mixed-method approach the research combines household survey data with qualitative and geospatial analysis. Household-level vulnerability was assessed through the Livelihood Effect Index (LEI), while land cover and vegetation dynamics were examined using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Findings reveal that food insecurity (β = 0.819), water scarcity (β = 0.922), limited livelihood diversification (β = 1.027) are the strongest predictors of displacement, whereas, financial capital and sociodemographic stability reduce susceptibility. The LEI analysis reveals spatial disparities, largely influenced by natural, financial, and human capital. Geospatial analysis from 1992 to 2022 indicates a marked decline in vegetation cover and major land-use changes, including wetland shrinkage (− 6,361 ha) and water body expansion (+ 8,654 ha), reflecting environmental degradation closely linked to displacement pressures. Qualitative insights corroborate these findings, emphasizing community perspectives of environmental degradation and livelihood stress. Policy priorities should focus on diversifying livelihoods through vocational training and small enterprises, promoting eco-aquaculture, and expanding safe water access. These must be reinforced by mangrove restoration, stricter regulation of shrimp farming, and expanded social protection. Integrating these measures into national adaptation strategies and union-level plans is critical to strengthen resilience in coastal Bangladesh.