<p>The increasing complexity and uncertainty of global disaster challenges highlight the critical need for effective information fusion in emergency management. Dempster-Shafer theory (DST), a powerful tool for information fusion, has gained widespread application in this field. This study conducts a literature review to assess the potential of DST in emergency management. First, we identified key terms such as DST and emergency management, and selected relevant literature according to predefined review criteria. A quantitative analysis is then performed on the literature, examining authors, institutions, and keywords. This study outlines the purpose and scope of DST, focusing on its application in emergency management and summarizing key methods. Additionally, the contributions of DST in information fusion for emergency management are discussed, along with its limitations and future research directions. Our findings demonstrate that DST, as a tool for processing uncertain information, enhances scientific and accurate decision-making in emergency management. However, several challenges remain unresolved. This paper reviews the current state of DST applications, highlights research gaps, and proposes future directions. By analysing how DST and its variations address different emergency scenarios, this study aims to provide insights for improving the efficiency and accuracy of emergency management.</p>