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<p>Dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), is becoming more common as people age, and remains a&#xa0;major global health concern. Cognitive function and quality of life are both impacted by dementia, and the etiology of VaD differs from that of AD. The imperative for novel therapeutic strategies is underscored by the persistent limitations of current management approaches, which, despite extensive research, remain constrained by clinical efficacy, societal acceptability, and economic sustainability. Due to its diverse biological activities, recent investigations have focused on the potential therapeutic applications of gaseous molecules, particularly nitric oxide (NO). Vascular tone, neurotransmission, immunological responses, and other biological processes are regulated by NO, which is also linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This reviewwill highlight how NO affects protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress (OS) in AD and VaD. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of NO is underscored by its molecular mechanisms, including neuroprotection, OS mitigation, and modulation of synaptic plasticity. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that NO-based interventions could significantly improve the early detection, management, and clinical outcomes in patients with dementia.</p>

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A review on the therapeutic potential of nitric oxide (NO) in dementia management

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月1日

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  • Shahad Saif Khandker,
  • Md Ekhtiar Uddin,
  • Dewan Zubaer Islam,
  • Rokhsana Jahan,
  • Lamiya Farhin,
  • Jasim Uddin,
  • Farhana Islam,
  • Md. Ahsanul Haque,
  • Shanjidul Islam Rahat,
  • Nazmim Iffat,
  • Rahima Begum

摘要

Dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), is becoming more common as people age, and remains a major global health concern. Cognitive function and quality of life are both impacted by dementia, and the etiology of VaD differs from that of AD. The imperative for novel therapeutic strategies is underscored by the persistent limitations of current management approaches, which, despite extensive research, remain constrained by clinical efficacy, societal acceptability, and economic sustainability. Due to its diverse biological activities, recent investigations have focused on the potential therapeutic applications of gaseous molecules, particularly nitric oxide (NO). Vascular tone, neurotransmission, immunological responses, and other biological processes are regulated by NO, which is also linked to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. This reviewwill highlight how NO affects protein misfolding, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress (OS) in AD and VaD. Furthermore, the therapeutic potential of NO is underscored by its molecular mechanisms, including neuroprotection, OS mitigation, and modulation of synaptic plasticity. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that NO-based interventions could significantly improve the early detection, management, and clinical outcomes in patients with dementia.