<p>The emergence of late Qing Chinese SF coincided with radical changes in terms of politics, cosmology, technology, and other domains of culture in China. This article unravels the seemingly paradoxical anti-/colonial discourses embedded in climate change narratives in late Qing Chinese SF works. It attempts to reveal the intricate relationships among climate, modernization, ecology, colonization and anti-colonization that climate change narratives incorporate. As a production of both Western incursion and national revitalization, late Qing SF works are deeply entangled with anti-/colonialism. This literary genre emerged to inform Chinese people about Western climatic, geological, and evolutionary knowledge of nature, so as to repel imperial aggression. However, it is also through these climate change narratives that the anti-colonial ambition is greatly undermined by a simplistic reversal of the colonial order which suggests a more powerful race will always subjugate those beneath them. Close readings on climate change narratives in late Qing SF works uncover that climate is both a material concept and a cultural phenomenon, which implies nature and culture co-exist and co-constitute alongside human history.</p>