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<p>Accurate estimation of biomass and carbon (C) stocks in teak plantations is important for improving forest inventories, management decisions, and C accounting in tropical production systems. In this study, we evaluated growth, productivity, biomass allocation, and C stocks in teak (<i>Tectona grandis</i> L. f.) plantations aged 8–16 years established across different environmental conditions in Nayarit, western Mexico. A total of 50 trees per site, representing different size classes and plantation ages, were destructively sampled, and C concentration in leaves, branches, stems, and roots was determined by elemental analysis. Organ-specific and whole-tree allometric equations were then developed for biomass and C estimation using diameter at breast height and total height as predictors. The fitted models showed high predictive performance (R² &gt; 0.99; SE &lt; 0.02), indicating strong relationships between tree dimensions and biomass or C content. A major contribution of this study is the development of C equations calibrated with direct elemental measurements rather than fixed biomass-to-C conversion factors, as well as the inclusion of destructive root sampling, which remains scarce in teak studies. At the stand level, biomass production and C accumulation were highest in intermediate-aged plantations (10–13 years), with total C stocks reaching up to 25.8 Mg C ha⁻¹, whereas older plantations (15–16 years) showed lower values associated with reduced stand density. Aboveground components accounted for most of total C stocks (80–85%), while roots contributed 15–20%. These results provide useful tools for biomass and C estimation in teak plantations under conditions similar to those evaluated in this study and improve the scientific basis for above- and belowground C assessments in tropical plantation systems.</p>

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Growth and productivity dynamics, allometric equations, and carbon stocks in commercial teak plantations under different environmental conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Bayron Alexander Ruiz-Blandon,
  • Efrén Hernández-Alvarez,
  • Gerónimo Quiñones-Barraza,
  • Eduardo Alanís-Rodríguez,
  • Mario Alberto Hernández-Tovar

摘要

Accurate estimation of biomass and carbon (C) stocks in teak plantations is important for improving forest inventories, management decisions, and C accounting in tropical production systems. In this study, we evaluated growth, productivity, biomass allocation, and C stocks in teak (Tectona grandis L. f.) plantations aged 8–16 years established across different environmental conditions in Nayarit, western Mexico. A total of 50 trees per site, representing different size classes and plantation ages, were destructively sampled, and C concentration in leaves, branches, stems, and roots was determined by elemental analysis. Organ-specific and whole-tree allometric equations were then developed for biomass and C estimation using diameter at breast height and total height as predictors. The fitted models showed high predictive performance (R² > 0.99; SE < 0.02), indicating strong relationships between tree dimensions and biomass or C content. A major contribution of this study is the development of C equations calibrated with direct elemental measurements rather than fixed biomass-to-C conversion factors, as well as the inclusion of destructive root sampling, which remains scarce in teak studies. At the stand level, biomass production and C accumulation were highest in intermediate-aged plantations (10–13 years), with total C stocks reaching up to 25.8 Mg C ha⁻¹, whereas older plantations (15–16 years) showed lower values associated with reduced stand density. Aboveground components accounted for most of total C stocks (80–85%), while roots contributed 15–20%. These results provide useful tools for biomass and C estimation in teak plantations under conditions similar to those evaluated in this study and improve the scientific basis for above- and belowground C assessments in tropical plantation systems.