<p>The pressing issue of sleep regulation in humans requires the development of non-pharmacological interventions aimed at improving sleep quality, eliminating insomnia, and solving problems with falling asleep. We reviewed the state of research in this area in 2011, noting the high efficiency of methods using computer technologies for recording and analyzing the electroencephalogram (EEG). Modern technologies of neurofeedback and adaptive sound neurostimulation, using feedback from the subject’s EEG, are now beginning to dominate among such methods. The aims of the present work were to analyze publications from the last five years and to consider the effects of the technologies used depending on the conditions and parameters of their organization. Based on our own research, we describe the features of both technologies, analyze examples of their successful application in eliminating various sleep disorders, and indicate the advantages and disadvantages of each technology.</p>