<p>Computerization of the functional treatment of binocular vision disorders, particularly amblyopia and strabismus, has opened up fundamentally new possibilities for increasing the effectiveness and speed of treatment by improving corrective and training procedures, introducing new stimuli and exercises that were previously practically impossible to implement, and reducing physiological and psychological discomfort. Based on more than ten years of experience using the POISK program, developed at the Institute of Information transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences for the treatment of amblyopia in laboratory and clinical settings, this article examines the possibilities and features of using virtual selective occlusion based on polarization separation of left and right images instead of traditional occlusion methods. The analysis showed that traditional methods, which involve the prolonged use of a shutter placed in front of the eye to switch off the eye’s functionality (patching) or regular atropine instillation to defocus retinal images (atropine penalization), can and should in the vast majority of cases be replaced by more effective and less uncomfortable computer-based methods for virtual selective occlusion.</p>