<p>The neural basis of various aspects of selfhood has been the subject of numerous neuroimaging studies. Specifically, similarities and differences in the neural representation of the physical and psychological self were analyzed in fMRI data using mass univariate approaches. In this study, we approached this question through a multivariate analysis of fMRI data obtained in experimental paradigms of self-face recognition (SFR) and self-evaluation (SEV). Overlaps between SFR and SEV signatures were found in the posterior default network areas and the insula. Decomposition of these signatures into common and distinctive components using PCA showed that the involvement of the right temporal regions and reward-related orbitofrontal cortical areas is common to the processing of both the physical and psychological self, whereas the left temporal regions are positively involved in processing the physical self and negatively involved in processing the psychological self. The results of this study show the fruitfulness of considering brain signatures as representations of complex psychological processes that can be analyzed by decomposing the signatures into their components.</p>