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<p><b>Objective.</b> To seek neurophysiological correlates of the functional state of the brain in patients with endogenous depression at ultra-high risk of developing psychosis as compared with EEG parameters in patients without symptoms indicating a risk of developing psychosis and patients who have suffered psychotic episodes. <b>Materials and methods.</b> The study included 92 female patients aged 16–26 years at the stage of remission, divided into three groups: patients with depression without symptoms indicating ultra-high risk of developing psychosis (group 1, <i>n</i> = 42), patients with depression and attenuated psychotic symptoms but without a history of manifest psychotic episodes (group 2, <i>n</i> = 32), and patients with depression developing after manifest psychosis (group 3, <i>n</i> = 18). Multichannel background EEG with spectral power analysis in narrow frequency subranges was recorded in all patients. <b>Results.</b> EEG data showed that the functional state of the cerebral cortex of patients in group 1 at the stage of remission approached normal. EEG recordings from those of patients of groups 2 and 3 differed from EEG recordings from group 1 patients in having significantly lower EEG spectral power in the α3 subrange (11–13 Hz) in the occipital leads and significantly greater θ1 activity (4–6 Hz) in the central-parietal areas. This EEG frequency structure in patients of groups 2 and 3 reflects a reduced functional state of the associative areas and may also indicate dysfunction of the frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex. The EEG features in patients of groups 2 and 3 are consistent with the significantly more severe positive and negative symptoms (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) on the SAPS and SANS scales in these patients as compared with those of group 1. <b>Conclusions.</b> Patients with depression at the stage of establishing remission, those with symptoms indicating ultra-high risk of developing psychosis, and those who have experienced a psychotic episode showed a reduced functional state of the associative and frontal areas of the cerebral cortex, which may underlie the characteristics of their clinical condition.</p>

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EEG Features in Young Female Patients with Depressive States at Different Stages of Endogenous Mental Disorders

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月1日

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  • A. F. Iznak,
  • E. V. Iznak,
  • E. V. Damyanovich,
  • T. I. Shishkovskaya,
  • I. V. Oleichik

摘要

Objective. To seek neurophysiological correlates of the functional state of the brain in patients with endogenous depression at ultra-high risk of developing psychosis as compared with EEG parameters in patients without symptoms indicating a risk of developing psychosis and patients who have suffered psychotic episodes. Materials and methods. The study included 92 female patients aged 16–26 years at the stage of remission, divided into three groups: patients with depression without symptoms indicating ultra-high risk of developing psychosis (group 1, n = 42), patients with depression and attenuated psychotic symptoms but without a history of manifest psychotic episodes (group 2, n = 32), and patients with depression developing after manifest psychosis (group 3, n = 18). Multichannel background EEG with spectral power analysis in narrow frequency subranges was recorded in all patients. Results. EEG data showed that the functional state of the cerebral cortex of patients in group 1 at the stage of remission approached normal. EEG recordings from those of patients of groups 2 and 3 differed from EEG recordings from group 1 patients in having significantly lower EEG spectral power in the α3 subrange (11–13 Hz) in the occipital leads and significantly greater θ1 activity (4–6 Hz) in the central-parietal areas. This EEG frequency structure in patients of groups 2 and 3 reflects a reduced functional state of the associative areas and may also indicate dysfunction of the frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex. The EEG features in patients of groups 2 and 3 are consistent with the significantly more severe positive and negative symptoms (p < 0.05) on the SAPS and SANS scales in these patients as compared with those of group 1. Conclusions. Patients with depression at the stage of establishing remission, those with symptoms indicating ultra-high risk of developing psychosis, and those who have experienced a psychotic episode showed a reduced functional state of the associative and frontal areas of the cerebral cortex, which may underlie the characteristics of their clinical condition.