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<p>Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders globally, affecting approximately 301 million people in 2019, with significant socio-economic and health impacts. This study aims to evaluate the anxiolytic potential of methanolic and aqueous extracts (200&#xa0;mg/kg per day, orally) of <i>Callistemon viminalis Cheel</i> (CVC) leaves (MeCL, AqCL) and, stems (MeCS, AqCS) in LPS-induced anxiety animal models. Behavioral parameters were assessed using open field, light–dark, hole-board, and marble burying tests. Further assessments included measurements of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GSH), oxidative stress markers (MDA), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB), enzymatic assay (MAO, 5-HT), and brain histology. Different extracts of <i>CVC</i> exhibited superior anxiolytic effects endorsed by increased exploratory performance and reduced anxiety-related behaviors. These findings correlated with biochemical data showing a diminished level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers alongside increased antioxidant enzyme levels. Furthermore, restoration of hippocampal architecture and elevated serotonin levels by reducing MAO activity confirm the potential anxiolytic effect of different extracts of <i>CVC</i>. Consequently, the methanolic extracts of <i>CVC</i> offer a multi-faceted anxiolytic and neuroprotective effect through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and serotonergic pathways more effectively in preference to aqueous extracts. These findings pave the way for future clinical applications of <i>CVC</i> in managing anxiety.</p>

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Callistemon viminalis extracts: dual action on anxiety and neuroprotection via neuroinflammatory and serotonergic pathways

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月15日

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  • Neelam Kumari,
  • Arun Mittal,
  • Arpana Rana,
  • Arun K. Sharma

摘要

Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders globally, affecting approximately 301 million people in 2019, with significant socio-economic and health impacts. This study aims to evaluate the anxiolytic potential of methanolic and aqueous extracts (200 mg/kg per day, orally) of Callistemon viminalis Cheel (CVC) leaves (MeCL, AqCL) and, stems (MeCS, AqCS) in LPS-induced anxiety animal models. Behavioral parameters were assessed using open field, light–dark, hole-board, and marble burying tests. Further assessments included measurements of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GSH), oxidative stress markers (MDA), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB), enzymatic assay (MAO, 5-HT), and brain histology. Different extracts of CVC exhibited superior anxiolytic effects endorsed by increased exploratory performance and reduced anxiety-related behaviors. These findings correlated with biochemical data showing a diminished level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers alongside increased antioxidant enzyme levels. Furthermore, restoration of hippocampal architecture and elevated serotonin levels by reducing MAO activity confirm the potential anxiolytic effect of different extracts of CVC. Consequently, the methanolic extracts of CVC offer a multi-faceted anxiolytic and neuroprotective effect through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and serotonergic pathways more effectively in preference to aqueous extracts. These findings pave the way for future clinical applications of CVC in managing anxiety.