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<p>The perovskite-type zinc hydroxy stannate, ZnSn(OH)<sub>6</sub>, (ZHS) has gained remarkable attention owing to its intrinsic structural versatility and multifunctional characteristics, promoting major innovations in modern technology. In this work, the perovskite ZHS nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized through a simple and cost-effective co-precipitation route, enabling the precise interaction of sodium stannate and zinc sulphate for the formation of a well-defined perovskite framework. The X-ray diffraction pattern elucidated the crystallization of ZHS in a well-defined cubic unit cell structure with <i>a</i> = <i>b</i> = <i>c</i> = <i>7.75&#xa0;Å.</i> The CHNS/O analysis detected the presence of hydrogen and supported the hydrogen incorporation within the lattice. The elemental analysis using energy dispersive analysis of X-ray verified the elemental composition. The field emission gun scanning electron microscopy and field emission gun transmission electron microscopy clearly identified the cubic shape of NPs. The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy confirmed a direct optical band gap of 5.70&#xa0;eV. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy collectively delineated phonon vibrations of Zn–OH–Sn bonds and OH<sup>–</sup> stretching modes. Thermal stability and decomposition mechanism are examined by recording three different thermocurves: thermogravimetric, differential thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analysis. The non-isoconversional Kissinger method is applied to evaluate kinetic parameters, providing a novel approach that highlights the non-spontaneous disintegration of the ZHS material.</p>

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Structural, optical, and thermal analysis of co-precipitated ZnSn(OH)6 perovskite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月11日

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  • Purva J. Jadav,
  • Sunil H. Chaki,
  • Milind P. Deshpande

摘要

The perovskite-type zinc hydroxy stannate, ZnSn(OH)6, (ZHS) has gained remarkable attention owing to its intrinsic structural versatility and multifunctional characteristics, promoting major innovations in modern technology. In this work, the perovskite ZHS nanoparticles (NPs) are synthesized through a simple and cost-effective co-precipitation route, enabling the precise interaction of sodium stannate and zinc sulphate for the formation of a well-defined perovskite framework. The X-ray diffraction pattern elucidated the crystallization of ZHS in a well-defined cubic unit cell structure with a = b = c = 7.75 Å. The CHNS/O analysis detected the presence of hydrogen and supported the hydrogen incorporation within the lattice. The elemental analysis using energy dispersive analysis of X-ray verified the elemental composition. The field emission gun scanning electron microscopy and field emission gun transmission electron microscopy clearly identified the cubic shape of NPs. The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy confirmed a direct optical band gap of 5.70 eV. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy collectively delineated phonon vibrations of Zn–OH–Sn bonds and OH– stretching modes. Thermal stability and decomposition mechanism are examined by recording three different thermocurves: thermogravimetric, differential thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analysis. The non-isoconversional Kissinger method is applied to evaluate kinetic parameters, providing a novel approach that highlights the non-spontaneous disintegration of the ZHS material.