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<p>In this work, we synthesized superpara-magnetic cobalt ferrite (CoFe<InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_{2}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mn>2</mn> <mrow /> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>O<InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(_{4}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mmultiscripts> <mrow /> <mn>4</mn> <mrow /> </mmultiscripts> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) magnetic nanoparticles using the co-precipitation method and performed a comprehensive structural and magnetic characterization. Structural characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and HRTEM, confirmed the formation of an inverse spinel structure with a lattice parameter of <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(a = 8.41\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>8.41</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;Å&#xa0;and an average crystallite size of <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(D= 17.7\pm 6.5\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mi>D</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>17.7</mn> <mo>±</mo> <mn>6.5</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> nm. Raman peak fitting revealed broadened modes, consistent with phonon confinement effects. SQUID magnetometry confirmed superparamagnetic-like behavior of the nanoparticles at room temperature, characterized by low coercivity and remanence, with a blocking temperature of 210 K and saturation magnetization of <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(M_{s}=51\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>51</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>&#xa0;emu/g. Complementing the experimental work, we implemented a two-dimensional Ising model through Monte Carlo simulations to analyze the magnetic response within the nanoparticle system.</p>

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Magnetic properties of CoFe\(_{2}\)O\(_{4}\) nanoparticles: experimental characterization and numerical analysis using the Ising model

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月21日

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  • Luis Abraham García-Hernández,
  • Cuauhtemoc Benixoo Guzmán-Hernández,
  • Goldie Oza

摘要

In this work, we synthesized superpara-magnetic cobalt ferrite (CoFe \(_{2}\) 2 O \(_{4}\) 4 ) magnetic nanoparticles using the co-precipitation method and performed a comprehensive structural and magnetic characterization. Structural characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and HRTEM, confirmed the formation of an inverse spinel structure with a lattice parameter of \(a = 8.41\) a = 8.41  Å and an average crystallite size of \(D= 17.7\pm 6.5\) D = 17.7 ± 6.5 nm. Raman peak fitting revealed broadened modes, consistent with phonon confinement effects. SQUID magnetometry confirmed superparamagnetic-like behavior of the nanoparticles at room temperature, characterized by low coercivity and remanence, with a blocking temperature of 210 K and saturation magnetization of \(M_{s}=51\) M s = 51  emu/g. Complementing the experimental work, we implemented a two-dimensional Ising model through Monte Carlo simulations to analyze the magnetic response within the nanoparticle system.