This manuscript presents a comprehensive study of the magnetic and thermal properties of iron boride (Fe2B) nanoparticles (NPs), which were synthesized using an arc melting method followed by ball milling. These NPs possess significant promise for use in self-regulating magnetic hyperthermia. The ball-milling method played a crucial role in decreasing the crystallite size, thereby modulating the fundamental magnetic properties, such as coercivity and saturation magnetization <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11051_2025_6461_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="31" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$({M}_{s}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <msub> <mi>M</mi> <mi>s</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>), both of which are strongly size-dependent. The measured Curie temperatures (<InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11051_2025_6461_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="22" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">${T}_{C}$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mi>C</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) of the nanoparticles were within the range of 315 K to 320 K ideal for therapeutic hyperthermia applications- making it possible to utilize such materials in the field of hyperthermia and cancer treatment. The specific absorption rate (SAR) peaked at 10.2 W/g for Fe2B NPs, having an average crystallite size of approximately 14 nm, indicating that these nanoparticles exhibit enhanced thermal performance compared to most standard magnetic nanomaterials. The biocompatibility of Fe2B NPs was confirmed through hemolysis tests, along with WST-8 colorimetric method-based assays. These nanoparticles were encapsulated in liposomes, which further decrease their toxicity. This renders Fe₂B nanoparticles more compatible with the body and more promising for future medical applications, such as magnetic hyperthermia.

Biocompatible Fe₂B magnetic nanoparticles for self-controlled hyperthermia applications

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发表日期：

2025年10月11日

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M. Awais Munawar,
M. Hisham Al Nasir,
Muhammad Tayyab,
Faiz Mahmood,
Sahib Dino,
Muhammad Waseem,
Waqas Ahmed,
Muhammad Azam Qamar,
Nasir Mehboob,
Naveed Ahmed

摘要

This manuscript presents a comprehensive study of the magnetic and thermal properties of iron boride (Fe₂B) nanoparticles (NPs), which were synthesized using an arc melting method followed by ball milling. These NPs possess significant promise for use in self-regulating magnetic hyperthermia. The ball-milling method played a crucial role in decreasing the crystallite size, thereby modulating the fundamental magnetic properties, such as coercivity and saturation magnetization $({M}_{s}$ $(M_{s}$ ), both of which are strongly size-dependent. The measured Curie temperatures ( ${T}_{C}$ $T_{C}$ ) of the nanoparticles were within the range of 315 K to 320 K ideal for therapeutic hyperthermia applications- making it possible to utilize such materials in the field of hyperthermia and cancer treatment. The specific absorption rate (SAR) peaked at 10.2 W/g for Fe₂B NPs, having an average crystallite size of approximately 14 nm, indicating that these nanoparticles exhibit enhanced thermal performance compared to most standard magnetic nanomaterials. The biocompatibility of Fe₂B NPs was confirmed through hemolysis tests, along with WST-8 colorimetric method-based assays. These nanoparticles were encapsulated in liposomes, which further decrease their toxicity. This renders Fe₂B nanoparticles more compatible with the body and more promising for future medical applications, such as magnetic hyperthermia.