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<p>In the present study, composite materials composed of the heavy metal oxides (HMOs) PbO, BiO₃, and WO₃ in both micro- and nano-sized powder forms are evaluated for their ability to attenuate gamma radiation. For every oxide type, solid cylindrical pellets with the same mass and radius but different thicknesses were created and tested using an HPGe detector at photon energies ranging from 60 to 1333 keV, which were obtained from Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60. Linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mean free path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), transmission factor (TF), and radiation shielding efficiency (RSE) were the six main shielding parameters that were examined. Across all parameters, the results consistently demonstrated that nano-sized composites performed better at shielding than their micro-sized counterparts. The LAC values at 0.059 MeV were 24.557 and 23.567 cm⁻<sup>1</sup> for nano- versus micro-sized PbO, 24.419 and 16.042 cm⁻<sup>1</sup> for Bi₂O₃, and 16.257 and 15.784 cm⁻<sup>1</sup> for WO₃. Nano-PbO had a higher LAC (0.544 cm⁻<sup>1</sup>) than micro-PbO (0.531 cm⁻<sup>1</sup>) even at 0.662 MeV. These results validate nano-HMO composites' superior attenuation capability and their potential to create lighter, thinner, and more effective shielding materials for use in nuclear, industrial, and medical applications.</p>

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Enhanced Gamma-Ray Shielding with Nanostructured PbO, Bi₂O₃, and WO₃ Composites

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月25日

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  • Mohamed. Elsafi,
  • Mohamed Abdellatief,
  • Aljawhara H. Almuqrin,
  • Shoaa M. Al-Balawi,
  • M. I. Sayyed

摘要

In the present study, composite materials composed of the heavy metal oxides (HMOs) PbO, BiO₃, and WO₃ in both micro- and nano-sized powder forms are evaluated for their ability to attenuate gamma radiation. For every oxide type, solid cylindrical pellets with the same mass and radius but different thicknesses were created and tested using an HPGe detector at photon energies ranging from 60 to 1333 keV, which were obtained from Am-241, Cs-137, and Co-60. Linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mean free path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), transmission factor (TF), and radiation shielding efficiency (RSE) were the six main shielding parameters that were examined. Across all parameters, the results consistently demonstrated that nano-sized composites performed better at shielding than their micro-sized counterparts. The LAC values at 0.059 MeV were 24.557 and 23.567 cm⁻1 for nano- versus micro-sized PbO, 24.419 and 16.042 cm⁻1 for Bi₂O₃, and 16.257 and 15.784 cm⁻1 for WO₃. Nano-PbO had a higher LAC (0.544 cm⁻1) than micro-PbO (0.531 cm⁻1) even at 0.662 MeV. These results validate nano-HMO composites' superior attenuation capability and their potential to create lighter, thinner, and more effective shielding materials for use in nuclear, industrial, and medical applications.