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<p>Semiconductor photocatalysis is an effective method for degrading toxic organic substances. Therefore, in this study, Ag and Cu co-doped SnO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles (Ag–Cu/SnO<sub>2</sub> NPs) were synthesized via the coprecipitation method to degrade the azo dye Congo Red (CR). The crystal structure, optical properties, and surface morphology of the prepared materials were thoroughly analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), UV–vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectrophotometer (UV–vis DRS), Scanning Electron icroscopy (SEM) couple with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Hight-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Ag–Cu/SnO<sub>2</sub> NPs had smaller particle sizes than pure SnO<sub>2</sub> NPs. Additionally, their absorption spectrum shifted to the visible light region in the UV–vis spectrum, with a band gap energy smaller than that of pure SnO<sub>2</sub>. All Ag–Cu/SnO<sub>2</sub> samples exhibited significantly higher photocatalytic activity in degrading Congo Red dye compared to pure SnO<sub>2</sub> under visible light. Photodegradation of Congo Red by SnO<sub>2</sub> and Ag–Cu/SnO<sub>2</sub> follow pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The 1Ag1.5Cu/SnO<sub>2</sub> sample, containing 1.0% Ag and 1.5% Cu (w/w), achieved the highest Congo Red degradation efficiency with a rate of 0.0801&#xa0;min⁻<sup>1</sup>. The effects of photocatalyst dose, initial dye concentration, and solution pH on Congo Red dye degradation by 1Ag1.5Cu/SnO<sub>2</sub> NPs were thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the 1Ag1.5Cu/SnO<sub>2</sub> catalyst exhibited excellent reusability, maintaining approximately 88.56% of its initial photocatalytic activity after five cycles.</p>

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Improvement of photocatalytic activity of SnO2 nanoparticles co-doped by Ag and Cu for high degradation of azo dye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月18日

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  • Nhu Thi Thu Vo,
  • Van-Thuc Nguyen

摘要

Semiconductor photocatalysis is an effective method for degrading toxic organic substances. Therefore, in this study, Ag and Cu co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles (Ag–Cu/SnO2 NPs) were synthesized via the coprecipitation method to degrade the azo dye Congo Red (CR). The crystal structure, optical properties, and surface morphology of the prepared materials were thoroughly analyzed by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), UV–vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectrophotometer (UV–vis DRS), Scanning Electron icroscopy (SEM) couple with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Hight-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Ag–Cu/SnO2 NPs had smaller particle sizes than pure SnO2 NPs. Additionally, their absorption spectrum shifted to the visible light region in the UV–vis spectrum, with a band gap energy smaller than that of pure SnO2. All Ag–Cu/SnO2 samples exhibited significantly higher photocatalytic activity in degrading Congo Red dye compared to pure SnO2 under visible light. Photodegradation of Congo Red by SnO2 and Ag–Cu/SnO2 follow pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The 1Ag1.5Cu/SnO2 sample, containing 1.0% Ag and 1.5% Cu (w/w), achieved the highest Congo Red degradation efficiency with a rate of 0.0801 min⁻1. The effects of photocatalyst dose, initial dye concentration, and solution pH on Congo Red dye degradation by 1Ag1.5Cu/SnO2 NPs were thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the 1Ag1.5Cu/SnO2 catalyst exhibited excellent reusability, maintaining approximately 88.56% of its initial photocatalytic activity after five cycles.