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<p>Silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) nanoparticles have gained significant attention as drug carriers for cancer chemotherapy due to their high surface area, biocompatibility, ultrahigh length-to-diameter ratio, and efficient cellular uptake. In this study, nanosized SiO<sub>2</sub> with a particle size of approximately 170&#xa0;nm and a micropore size of 1.6&#xa0;nm was synthesized as a versatile nanocarrier for loading 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) for colon cancer chemotherapy. The resulting microporous SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles exhibited a high 5-Fu loading capacity and demonstrated a pH-sensitive drug release profile. The 5-Fu@SiO<sub>2</sub> system showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against LoVo/5-Fu cells (5-Fu-resistant colon cancer cells) compared to free 5-Fu, while bare SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles exhibited minimal cytotoxicity. The mechanism by which 5-Fu@SiO<sub>2</sub> overcomes drug resistance in LoVo/5-Fu cells is attributed to the high intracellular accumulation of 5-Fu and the elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by the SiO<sub>2</sub> matrix, which enhances the cytotoxic effects of 5-Fu in resistant cancer cells.</p>

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Synthesis of microporous silica nanoparticles as a versatile nanocarrier for 5-fluorouracil delivery in colon cancer chemotherapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月9日

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  • Changwan Cui,
  • Zhengrong Sun,
  • Yu-Xuan Gao,
  • Qiang Sun

摘要

Silica (SiO2) nanoparticles have gained significant attention as drug carriers for cancer chemotherapy due to their high surface area, biocompatibility, ultrahigh length-to-diameter ratio, and efficient cellular uptake. In this study, nanosized SiO2 with a particle size of approximately 170 nm and a micropore size of 1.6 nm was synthesized as a versatile nanocarrier for loading 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) for colon cancer chemotherapy. The resulting microporous SiO2 nanoparticles exhibited a high 5-Fu loading capacity and demonstrated a pH-sensitive drug release profile. The 5-Fu@SiO2 system showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against LoVo/5-Fu cells (5-Fu-resistant colon cancer cells) compared to free 5-Fu, while bare SiO2 nanoparticles exhibited minimal cytotoxicity. The mechanism by which 5-Fu@SiO2 overcomes drug resistance in LoVo/5-Fu cells is attributed to the high intracellular accumulation of 5-Fu and the elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by the SiO2 matrix, which enhances the cytotoxic effects of 5-Fu in resistant cancer cells.